ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Neurol.
Sec. Stroke
Volume 16 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fneur.2025.1577675
This article is part of the Research TopicImaging Advances in Acute Intracerebral Hemorrhage and Implications for Therapeutic ApproachesView all 6 articles
Value of the spot sign combined with the blend sign for predicting the outcome of patients with intracerebral hemorrhage who have undergone stereotactic minimally invasive surgery
Provisionally accepted
- Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
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Objective: This study aimed to explore the effect of combining the computed tomographic angiography (CTA) spot sign with the computed tomography (CT) blend sign for predicting the outcome of patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) who have undergone stereotactic minimally invasive surgery (sMIS).Methods: Patients with ICH treated with sMIS between January 2018 and April 2023 at the affiliated hospital of Guizhou Medical University were retrospectively included.A modified Rankin scale (mRS) score ≥3 at 3 months was defined as a poor outcome.According to neurological recovery, the patients were assigned to the poor outcome (90 patients) or the good outcome (105 patients) groups. The value of the combined signs in predicting the outcome of patients with ICH who have undergone sMIS was analyzed via the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.Results: Among a total of 195 patients, 29 (14.8%) had single blend signs, 35 (17.9%) had single spot signs,76 (39%) had combined signs,and 55(28.2%) had CT-negative.Multivariate binary logistic regression analysis revealed that the spot sign combined with the blend sign (OR = 5.244, 95% CI: 2.606-10.55, p < 0.001) and hematoma expansion (HE) (OR = 2.063, 95% CI: 1.003-4.245, p = 0.049) were associated with poor outcomes (p < 0.001). The ROC curve analysis revealed that the sensitivity and specificity of the spot sign and blend sign combination for outcome prediction were 61.1% and 80.0%, respectively; the Youden index was 0.411, and the area under the curve (AUC) value was 0.706.The spot sign combined with the blend sign, hematoma topography may have predictive value for the outcome of patients with ICH undergoing sMIS.
Keywords: spot sign, minimally invasive surgery, intracerebral hemorrhage, Blend sign, Spot sign combined with the blend sign
Received: 16 Feb 2025; Accepted: 22 Jul 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Che, Zhu, Wang, Wu, Huang, Ye, Ren and Wu. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Likun Wang, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
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