ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Neurol.
Sec. Neurological Biomarkers
Volume 16 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fneur.2025.1596731
Association of Inflammatory Burden Index with Prognosis as Well as Stroke-associated Pneumonia in non-Surgical Patients with Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Provisionally accepted
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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To assessment the new biomarker, the inflammatory burden index (IBI) and their correlations with clinical outcome as well as stroke-associated pneumonia(SAP) of ICH patients.Patients diagnosed as spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage (SICH) were retrospectively screened from December 2018 to December 2022.The IBI was formulated as C-reactive protein×neutrophils/lymphocytes. In addition， systemic-inflammatory indices including ratios of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte (NLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte(MLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte(PLR),and patelet-to-neutrophil (PNR), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), and systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) on admission also were calculated.The primary outcome measure was 90-day functional outcome and the occurrence of SAP, with an mRS 3-6 score representing a unfavorable outcome. We used ROC curves to evaluate the diagnostic value of these differences. Univariate and multivariable analyses was conducted to identify the factors independently associated with 3 months unfavorable functional outcomes and stroke-associated pneumonia.A total of 209 patients were enrolled, of which 144 (68.9%) had unfavorable 90-day functional outcome, and 89 (42.1%) ICH patients developed SAP. Elevated IBI is an independent predictor for both stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP) and unfavorable 3-month outcomes in acute ICH patients, and showed a good predictive ability for SAP (AUC =0.811, p<0.001) and poor prognosis at 3 months(AUC=0.745, p<0.001).Inflammatory biomarker index (IBI) are predictive of 90-day functional outcome and the SAP occurrence in patients with ICH.
Keywords: Intracerebal haemorrhage, prognosis predict, Stroke associated pneumonia, biomaker, inflammatory index, NLR (Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio)
Received: 23 Apr 2025; Accepted: 25 Jun 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Wang, He, Cui, Zhao and Song. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Juexian Song, Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
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