ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Neurol.
Sec. Sleep Disorders
Volume 16 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fneur.2025.1610871
This article is part of the Research TopicThe Advance on Sleep Disorder: Mechanisms and InterventionsView all 4 articles
The impact of periodic leg movements during sleep on neurological recovery in patients with acute mild cerebral infarction
Provisionally accepted
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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Objective: Acute minor cerebral infarction is a common cerebrovascular disease, and its prognosis is influenced by various factors. This study aims to explore the relationship between nocturnal periodic leg movements and neurological function three months after acute mild cerebral infarction.Methods: A retrospective study was conducted based on hospital records, involving patients diagnosed with acute minor cerebral infarction who underwent polysomnography at Yangzhou University Affiliated Hospital from September 2023 to October 2024. Patients were followed up by phone three months later, and the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) was completed. Based on the scores, patients were divided into a good prognosis group (0-2 points) and a poor prognosis group (3-6 points). The correlation between sleep-related scales, polysomnography, and prognosis was analyzed using Spearman correlation analysis. Further, indicators related to prognosis (data with p < 0.05 in correlation analysis) along with age, hypertension, cholesterol, and radiate crown area cerebral infarction were included in a binary logistic regression analysis to assess factors affecting neurological function in patients with acute minor cerebral infarction after three months.Results: A total of 766 patients were included, with 203 patients in the poor prognosis group. The results indicated that patients with a history of hypertension (OR=0.589, 95% CI=0.401 to 0.863), higher HCY levels (OR=1.037, 95% CI=1.005 to 1.070), radiate crown area cerebral infarction (OR=1.655, 95% CI=1.150 to 2.382), longer N1% (OR=1.032, 95% CI=1.013 to 1.052), and higher PLMI (OR=1.006, 95% CI=1.001 to 1.010) are risk factors for the prognosis of Acute minor cerebral infarction patients at 3 months (p < 0.05).Conclusion: PLMS is an independent risk factor for impaired neurological recovery in patients with acute minor cerebral infarction. This finding suggests that systematic sleep monitoring should be conducted in clinical practice for acute minor cerebral infarction, and early identification and intervention targeting PLMS may become a new focus for improving long-term prognosis in patients.
Keywords: Sleep periodic limb movement, acute mild cerebral infarction, Neurological function, prognosis, Sleep Disorders
Received: 13 Apr 2025; Accepted: 21 Jul 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Sun, Zheng, Xu, Yu, Jing, Xu, Tang and Chu. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Tieyu Tang, Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
Cheng Chu, Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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