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SYSTEMATIC REVIEW article

Front. Neurol.

Sec. Sleep Disorders

Volume 16 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fneur.2025.1614948

Mapping the Research Landscape of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Insomnia Management: A Bibliometric Study (2005-2024)

Provisionally accepted
Chi  ZhangChi Zhang1,2,3Xiaojie  YangXiaojie Yang1,2,3Jin  YeJin Ye1,2,3Yuanxun  CaiYuanxun Cai4Hanxiao  ZhangHanxiao Zhang5Yuelong  FangYuelong Fang1,2Liying  ZhangLiying Zhang2,6Shuhe  CaiShuhe Cai1,2,3*
  • 1Department of Orthopaedic Rehabilitation, Affiliated Rehabilitation Hospital of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
  • 2Fujian Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Technology, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
  • 3College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
  • 4College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
  • 5Department of Acupuncture, Longyan City Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Longyan, Fujian Province, China
  • 6Department of Prevention and Health Care, Affiliated Rehabilitation Hospital of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

Objective: Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has shown unique benefits in insomnia management, but existing bibliometric studies on TCM for insomnia remain fragmented. This study, through bibliometric methods, systematically maps the research landscape of TCM in insomnia management from 2005 to 2024, with the objective to explore research hotspots and developmental trends, thereby providing references for future studies. Method: This study retrieved English-language literature on the treatment of insomnia with Traditional Chinese Medicine from 2005 to 2024 in the Science Core Collection. The included literature was imported into CiteSpace, VOSviewer, and Bibliometrix R software packages to analyze annual publications, authors, countries/regions, institutions, journals, cited reference, and keywords, in order to explore the hotspots and trends in TCM treatment of insomnia. Results: A total of 738 articles were included. The number of annual publications in this field increased rapidly from 2016 to 2021. China was the country with the highest number of publications, among which Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, and Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine were the top three institutions in terms of publication volume. Yeung, Wing-fai from Hong Kong Polytechnic University was the author with the highest number of publications. Medicine published 74 articles, the highest number among all journals. Journal of Ethnopharmacology and Sleep were respectively the most frequently cited and co-cited journals. The main keywords included sleep, randomized controlled trial, traditional Chinese medicine, acupuncture, etc. The research hotspots mainly focused on acupuncture, chemical components, cancer-related insomnia, and depression-related insomnia. The research focus is transitioning from clinical efficacy to mechanism research, especially the study of the chemical components of traditional Chinese medicine through network pharmacology may be a future research trend. Moreover, this field is paying more attention to insomnia subtypes such as comorbid insomnia and secondary insomnia. Conclusion: TCM treatment of insomnia is receiving increasing attention. It shows unique advantages in reducing drug dependence and managing comorbid insomnia. In the future, the evidence-based development of TCM should be promoted through mechanism research, multidisciplinary collaboration, stratified intervention, and the transformation of high-impact evidence, providing an integrated solution for global insomnia management.

Keywords: insomnia, Traditional Chinese Medicine, Bibliometric Study, Citespace, VOSviewer, Bibliometrix

Received: 20 Apr 2025; Accepted: 05 Aug 2025.

Copyright: © 2025 Zhang, Yang, Ye, Cai, Zhang, Fang, Zhang and Cai. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

* Correspondence: Shuhe Cai, Department of Orthopaedic Rehabilitation, Affiliated Rehabilitation Hospital of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China

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