ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Neurol.
Sec. Stroke
Volume 16 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fneur.2025.1660031
This article is part of the Research TopicNeurosonology in StrokeView all 10 articles
Predictive Value of Carotid Artery Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound Combined with Clinical Indicators in Ischemic Stroke Patients
Provisionally accepted
- 1Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- 2Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
- 3Hebei General Hospital Affiliated to Hebei Medicine University, Shijiazhuang, China
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Objective: To assess the predictive significance of carotid artery contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) combined with the triglyceride glucose index (TyG index) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) to high-density Lipoprotein (HDL) ratio in patients with ischemic stroke (IS). Methods: This study included 130 patients admitted to the hospital from June 2021 to June 2023. All patients underwent carotid artery CEUS and were divided into two groups: the ischemic stroke group (IS, n = 73) and the non-ischemic stroke group (NIS, n = 57). Baseline characteristics of both groups were analyzed and compared to identify differences.. Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine independent risk factors for IS. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed to assess the predictive performance of CEUS classification, TyG index, LDL/HDL ratio, and their combination. Results: Among the 130 patients, the IS group consisted of 73 individuals (53 males, 20 females), with an average age of 64.87±10.55 years, while the NIS group included 57 patients (20 males, 37 females) with an average age of 63.12±10.26 years. The IS group exhibited significantly higher CEUS classification, TyG index, and LDL/HDL ratio compared to the NIS group. Logistic regression analysis identified CEUS classification (OR 3.521, 95% CI 1.731-7.161, p = 0.001), TyG index (OR 3.851, 95% CI 1.129-13.142, p = 0.031), and LDL/HDL ratio (OR 2.957, 95% CI 1.321-6.622, p = 0.008) as independent risk factors for IS. The areas under the ROC Curve (AUC) for predicting IS were 0.871 for CEUS classification, 0.766 for TyG index, and 0.735 for LDL/HDL ratio. The combined application of these indicators yielded an AUC of 0.910, which was significantly higher than that of any single indicator. Conclusion: CEUS classification, TyG index, and LDL/HDL ratio are useful predictors of IS. Their combined use significantly enhances predictive accuracy.
Keywords: carotid artery, contrast-enhanced ultrasound, Triglyceride-glucose index, LDL/HDL, Ischemicstroke
Received: 05 Jul 2025; Accepted: 06 Oct 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Song, Chen, Wang and Niu. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Huimin Niu, n13933855927@163.com
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