ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Neurol.
Sec. Neuroepidemiology
Volume 16 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fneur.2025.1662610
Epidemiological Trends and Future Projections of Ischemic Stroke in Children and Adolescents: A Global Analysis from 1990 to 2021
Provisionally accepted
- KeCheng People’s Hospital, Quzhou, China
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Abstract Background: Ischemic stroke in children and adolescents is a significant public health concern. This study aims to describe the epidemiological characteristics of ischemic stroke in children and adolescents from 1990 to 2021. Methods: Data on ischemic stroke in children and adolescents from 1990 to 2021 were taken from the 2021 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study. The annual percentage change (AAPC) was used to assess trends in disease burden by region, age, and gender. To examine regional disparities, the Slope Index of Inequality (SII) and Concentration Index (ConcI) were applied. Additionally, the Bayesian Age-Period-Cohort (BAPC) model was employed to predict the disease burden for the next 15 years. Results: From 1990 to 2021, ischemic stroke in children and adolescents increased globally in incidence and prevalence, while mortality and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs)decreased. The disease burden is higher in low-income countries, with females having higher incidence rates and males bearing a greater burden in mortality and DALYs. Environmental factors like high temperatures are linked to increased risk. By 2036, incidence and prevalence may rise, particularly in the 15-19 age group, although mortality and DALYs are expected to continue decreasing. Conclusions: In conclusion, ischemic stroke in this group shows an "increasing case number but decreasing mortality" trend, highlighting medical progress but ongoing risks. Challenges include gender differences, regional inequalities, and environmental risks. Targeted prevention strategies are needed to reduce the global disease burden.
Keywords: Global burden of disease, ischemic stroke, Children and adolescents, Inequality, prediction
Received: 10 Jul 2025; Accepted: 06 Oct 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Liu, Hu and Zhu. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Xiaofen Zhu, qzzhuxiaofen@163.com
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