EDITORIAL article
Front. Neurol.
Sec. Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology
Volume 16 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fneur.2025.1674176
This article is part of the Research TopicNeurocognitive Dysfunction in People Living with HIV and the Underlying Brain MechanismsView all 9 articles
Editorial: Neurocognitive Dysfunction in People Living with HIV and the Underlying Brain Mechanisms
Provisionally accepted
- 1Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- 2The Sixth People's Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, China
- 3Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai, China
- 4Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, China
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With the widespread implementation of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), HIV infection has evolved into a manageable chronic condition, with life expectancy significantly extended-approaching that of the general population in some cases (1).However, the central nervous system, as an "immune-privileged site" and potential viral reservoir, may harbor residual virus and persistent inflammation even under effective plasma viral suppression (2,3) Studies show that neuronal injury can still occur in people living with HIV in the cART era, driven by factors including viral protein neurotoxicity, microglial activation, glutamate excitotoxicity, immune dysregulation, comorbidities, and antiretroviral neurotoxicity (4,5).HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) have thus emerged as a major challenge in chronic disease management, with a prevalence ranging from 30% to 50% (6,7). The milder forms of HAND-namely, asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment (ANI) and mild neurocognitive disorder-are the most common. Despite subtle or absent clinical symptoms, they may reflect early neurodegenerative processes (7,8).
Keywords: HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders, Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment, multimodal neuroimaging, Precision neuroscience, exosomeneuroimaging integration
Received: 27 Jul 2025; Accepted: 01 Aug 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Wang, Zhou, Shi, Lu and Li. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Zhongkai Zhou, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
Yuxin Shi, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai, China
Pu-Xuan Lu, Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, China
Hongjun Li, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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