ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Surg.
Sec. Neurosurgery
Volume 12 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fsurg.2025.1381042
Management Outcome of Epidural Hematoma Patients at Dessie Comprehensive Specialized Hospital: One-year prospective observational study
Provisionally accepted
- 1Injibara University, Injibara, Ethiopia
- 2Debre Markos University, Debre Marqos, Ethiopia
- 3Wollo University, Dessie, Amhara, Ethiopia
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Background: Epidural hematoma is a life-threatening neurosurgical emergency that requires prompt intervention. In Ethiopia, epidural hematoma is linked to a high prevalence of morbidity and mortality. Despite the high burden of traumatic brain injuries in the region, there is a lack of local data on the management outcomes of epidural hematoma in Ethiopia.Objective: To assess the management outcomes and associated factors of epidural hematoma at Dessie Comprehensive Specialized Hospital.: An institution-based prospective observational study was conducted among 46 patients at Dessie Comprehensive Specialized Hospital from January 2022 to January 2023. Data were extracted from morbidity/mortality reports, hospital records, and patient cards. Data were coded, entered into EpiData version 3.1, and analyzed using SPSS version 23. Chi-square test was used to identify factors associated with outcomes of epidural hematoma.Results: Among patients, 82.6% had good recovery, 10.9% severe disability, 2.2% persistent vegetative state, and 4.3% died. Injury mechanism (p = 0.001), headache history (p = 0.028), Glasgow Coma Scale score (p =0.001), aspiration (p = 0.001), hypotension (p = 0.001), elevated intracranial pressure (p = 0.001), pupillary signs (p = 0.001), body weakness (p = 0.001), intracranial injury manifestation (p<0.001), TBI severity (p = 0.001), computed tomography (CT) findings (p= 0.001), surgical procedure type (p = 0.003), and intensive care unit admission (p < 0.001) were significantly associated with the management outcomes of epidural hematoma.The majority of patients experienced favorable clinical outcomes. Outcomes of epidural hematoma management significantly associations with the mechanism of injury, presence of aspiration, prior headache history, Glasgow Coma Scale score, hypotension, elevated intracranial pressure, pupillary abnormalities, focal neurological deficits, and traumatic brain injury severity. Implementing context-specific policy interventions, enhanced safety protocols, and targeted public education initiatives could substantially reduce the incidence and impact of epidural hematomas in Ethiopia.
Keywords: factors, Epidural hematoma, Head injury, Management outcome, Ethiopia
Received: 02 Feb 2024; Accepted: 28 Jul 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Tegegne, Welelaw, Zeru and Wuhib. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Belachew Tegegne, Injibara University, Injibara, Ethiopia
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