ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Virtual Real.
Sec. Virtual Reality in Medicine
Volume 6 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/frvir.2025.1620135
HIPS – Evaluating a Virtual Reality Training Simulation for Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA) and Insights on Qualitative Assessment of Surgical Training Simulations
Provisionally accepted
Mario Lorenz1,2,3*
Sebastian Knopp1Nina Pillen4Magdalena Sanrow4Andrea Hoffmann5Viktoria Stoiser6Dennis Schmidt6Johannes P G Atze7André Dettmann5Angelika C Bullinger5Dirk Zajonz8,9- 1Professorship for Production Systems and Processes, Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz, Germany
- 2Department of Orthopaedics, Trauma and Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Lower Saxony, Germany
- 3Division of Macroscopic and Clinical Anatomy, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Styria, Austria
- 4YOUSE GmbH, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
- 5Chair for Ergonomics and Innovation, Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz, Germany
- 6FAKT Software GmbH, Leipzig, Germany
- 7CAT PRODUCTION GmbH, München, Germany
- 8Clinic for Orthopedics, Trauma Surgery and Sports Traumatology, Zeisigwaldkliniken Bethanien Chemnitz, Chemnitz, Germany
- 9University of cooperative education Plauen, Plauen, Germany
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Surgery is a craft, handed down in a master-apprentice manner during supervised surgeries, which demonstrates the need for high quality training simulators. Despite the advancement in this area, little progress has been made for one of the most conducted surgeries, total hip arthroplasty (THA). In this paper we describe HIPS, a multi-user virtual reality training simulator for THA covering the steps from cutting off the femoral head to insertion of the stem. This encompasses the stimulation environment, the detected surgical errors, the multi-user capabilities as well as the user guidance and user feedback methods. In a mixed-method evaluation (N=12) HIPS was deemed as realistic, enjoyable and needed in resident training. The used qualitative evaluation methods revealed valuable feedback for further improvements, and important learnings for assessing surgical training simulators in general. The variation in surgical techniques requires evaluations at different hospitals in different countries and a high quality of simulation of all sensory cues.
Keywords: virtual reality, Total hip arthroplasty, training, Qualitative assessment, Surgery, Hip Joint
Received: 29 Apr 2025; Accepted: 23 Jun 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Lorenz, Knopp, Pillen, Sanrow, Hoffmann, Stoiser, Schmidt, Atze, Dettmann, Bullinger and Zajonz. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Mario Lorenz, Professorship for Production Systems and Processes, Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz, Germany
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