Advancements in Understanding and Managing Residual Risk of Coronary Artery Diseases

Coronary artery disease continues to be a prime public health concern worldwide, representing a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Despite remarkable advancements in evidence-based therapies such as high-intensity lipid-lowering treatments, antiplatelet agents, and advanced revascularization methods, a significant "residual risk" persists. This risk arises from a complex interplay of genetic and epigenetic factors, chronic inflammation, metabolic disorders, and lifestyle factors. As a result, even with the best standard care, patients are still prone to recurrent ischemic events, progressive cardiac dysfunction, and reduced quality of life. Therefore, there is a crucial need for deeper insights and innovative treatment approaches to better understand and manage this persistent risk and improve global health outcomes.

This Research Topic aims to consolidate the latest knowledge and emerging insights on the residual risk in coronary artery disease. We intend to spotlight pioneering research and clinical advancements that deepen our comprehension of the underlying mechanisms of residual risk, including aspects like inflammation, unconventional lipid profiles, thrombotic components, metabolic and endocrine pathways, lifestyle, behavioral factors, and genetic influences. Additionally, this Topic seeks to explore breakthroughs in diagnostics and computational modeling that enhance risk assessment and patient stratification, strive for new biomarker identification, therapeutic targets, and interventions that extend beyond traditional treatment avenues to support a more personalized and precise patient care approach.

To further our understanding in this critical area, we call for a variety of manuscript submissions, addressing, but not limited to, the following areas:

• Articles examining pathophysiological factors such as endothelial dysfunction, inflammatory responses, metabolic disruptions, thrombotic pathways, lipid variations, or genetic factors related to recurrent cardiovascular incidents.

• Studies on innovative biomarkers, advanced imaging techniques, and novel computational tools.

• Research detailing next-generation treatments, device-based interventions, or lifestyle alterations aimed at mitigating residual risks.

• Comparative studies or reviews exploring differences in coronary care, residual risk, or patient outcomes across different countries or regions.

We strongly encourage authors to discuss how their findings may translate into clinical practice or inform health policy, with special focus on potential implications for patient care and healthcare systems worldwide. We welcome contributions from a multidisciplinary spectrum of cardiology experts, biomedical researchers, geneticists, epidemiologists, and health economists, aiming to offer a comprehensive perspective on residual risks in coronary syndromes. Our goal is to inspire innovative, transformative patient care strategies and promote global collaboration on this ongoing challenge.

Keywords: coronary syndromes, residual risk, atherosclerosis, personalized medicine, inflammation, diabetes, thrombosis, platelet aggregation, lipid profiles, tryglicerides, HDL, Lp(a), secondary prevention

Important note: All contributions to this Research Topic must be within the scope of the section and journal to which they are submitted, as defined in their mission statements. Frontiers reserves the right to guide an out-of-scope manuscript to a more suitable section or journal at any stage of peer review.