%A Nguyen,Dinh-Duc %A Kim,Eugene Y. %A Sang,Pau Biak %A Chai,Weihang %D 2020 %J Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology %C %F %G English %K OB-fold protein,replication stress,genome stability,CST (Ctc1, Stn1, Ten1),BRCA2,RPA %Q %R 10.3389/fcell.2020.574466 %W %L %M %P %7 %8 2020-September-11 %9 Review %# %! Safeguarding DNA replication by OB-fold proteins %* %< %T Roles of OB-Fold Proteins in Replication Stress %U https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcell.2020.574466 %V 8 %0 JOURNAL ARTICLE %@ 2296-634X %X Accurate DNA replication is essential for maintaining genome stability. However, this stability becomes vulnerable when replication fork progression is stalled or slowed – a condition known as replication stress. Prolonged fork stalling can cause DNA damage, leading to genome instabilities. Thus, cells have developed several pathways and a complex set of proteins to overcome the challenge at stalled replication forks. Oligonucleotide/oligosaccharide binding (OB)-fold containing proteins are a group of proteins that play a crucial role in fork protection and fork restart. These proteins bind to single-stranded DNA with high affinity and prevent premature annealing and unwanted nuclease digestion. Among these OB-fold containing proteins, the best studied in eukaryotic cells are replication protein A (RPA) and breast cancer susceptibility protein 2 (BRCA2). Recently, another RPA-like protein complex CTC1-STN1-TEN1 (CST) complex has been found to counter replication perturbation. In this review, we discuss the latest findings on how these OB-fold containing proteins (RPA, BRCA2, CST) cooperate to safeguard DNA replication and maintain genome stability.