%A Bodilis,Josselin %A Denet,Elodie %A Brothier,Elisabeth %A Graindorge,Arnault %A Favre-Bonté,Sabine %A Nazaret,Sylvie %D 2018 %J Frontiers in Microbiology %C %F %G English %K Burkholderia cenocepacia,Burkina Faso,Virulence Factors,RND pumps,Prophages,antibiotic resistance %Q %R 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00383 %W %L %M %P %7 %8 2018-March-06 %9 Original Research %+ Josselin Bodilis,Research Group on Environmental Multi-Resistance and Efflux Pump, INRA 1418, UMR CNRS 5557, Laboratoire Ecologie Microbienne, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon, Université de Lyon 1,France,josselin.bodilis@univ-rouen.fr %+ Josselin Bodilis,EA 4312 Laboratoire de Microbiologie Signaux et Microenvironnement, Université de Rouen,France,josselin.bodilis@univ-rouen.fr %# %! Environmental Burkholderia related to epidemic lineage %* %< %T Comparative Genomics of Environmental and Clinical Burkholderia cenocepacia Strains Closely Related to the Highly Transmissible Epidemic ET12 Lineage %U https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2018.00383 %V 9 %0 JOURNAL ARTICLE %@ 1664-302X %X The Burkholderia cenocepacia epidemic ET12 lineage belongs to the genomovar IIIA including the reference strain J2315, a highly transmissible epidemic B. cenocepacia lineage. Members of this lineage are able to cause lung infections in immunocompromised and cystic fibrosis patients. In this study, we describe the genome of F01, an environmental B. cenocepacia strain isolated from soil in Burkina Faso that is, to our knowledge, the most closely related strain to this epidemic lineage. A comparative genomic analysis was performed on this new isolate, in association with five clinical and one environmental B. cenocepacia strains whose genomes were previously sequenced. Antibiotic resistances, virulence phenotype, and genomic contents were compared and discussed with an emphasis on virulent and antibiotic determinants. Surprisingly, no significant differences in antibiotic resistance and virulence were found between clinical and environmental strains, while the most important genomic differences were related to the number of prophages identified in their genomes. The ET12 lineage strains showed a noticeable greater number of prophages (partial or full-length), especially compared to the phylogenetically related environmental F01 strain (i.e., 5–6 and 3 prophages, respectively). Data obtained suggest possible involvements of prophages in the clinical success of opportunistic pathogens.