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CORRECTION article

Front. Artif. Intell., 16 October 2025

Sec. AI for Human Learning and Behavior Change

Volume 8 - 2025 | https://doi.org/10.3389/frai.2025.1710897

This article is part of the Research TopicAI Innovations in Education: Adaptive Learning and BeyondView all 24 articles

Correction: Artificial intelligence-enhanced assessment of fundamental motor skills: validity and reliability of the FUS test for jumping rope performance

This article is a correction to:

  1. Artificial intelligence-enhanced assessment of fundamental motor skills: validity and reliability of the FUS test for jumping rope performance

    1. Read original article
Hubert Makaruk Hubert Makaruk1*Jared M. PorterJared M. Porter2E. Kipling WebsterE. Kipling Webster2Beata MakarukBeata Makaruk1Pawe&#x; TomaszewskiPaweł Tomaszewski3Marta NogalMarta Nogal1Daniel Gaw&#x;owskiDaniel Gawłowski4&#x;ukasz Soba&#x;skiŁukasz Sobański5Bartosz MolikBartosz Molik6Jerzy SadowskiJerzy Sadowski1
  • 1Faculty of Physical Education and Health in Biala Podlaska, Józef Piłsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
  • 2Department of Kinesiology, Recreation, and Sport Studies, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States
  • 3Faculty of Physical Education, Józef Piłsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
  • 4Artificial Intelligence Department, DG Consulting, Wrocław, Poland
  • 5Department of Research in Artificial Intelligence, Instat sp. z o.o., Wrocław, Poland
  • 6Faculty of Rehabilitation, Józef Piłsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland

A Correction on
Artificial intelligence-enhanced assessment of fundamental motor skills: validity and reliability of the FUS test for jumping rope performance

by Makaruk, H., Porter, J. M., Webster, E. K., Makaruk, B., Tomaszewski, P., Nogal, M., Gawłowski, D., Sobański, Ł., Molik, B., and Sadowski, J. (2025). Front. Artif. Intell. 8:1611534. doi: 10.3389/frai.2025.1611534

Incorrect text was included in the abstract.

The text has been corrected to read:

Introduction: Widespread concerns about children's low fundamental motor skill (FMS) proficiency highlight the need for accurate assessment tools to support structured instruction. This study examined the validity and reliability of an AI-enhanced methodology for assessing jumping rope performance within the Fundamental Motor Skills in Sport (FUS) test.

Methods: A total of 236 participants (126 primary school students aged 7–14; 110 university sports students aged 20–21) completed jumping rope tasks recorded via the FUS mobile app integrated with an AI model evaluating five process-oriented performance criteria. Concurrent validity and inter-rater reliability were examined by comparing AI-generated assessments with scores from two expert evaluators. Intra-rater reliability was also assessed through reassessment of video trials after a 3-week interval.

Results: Results revealed excellent concurrent validity and inter-rater reliability for the AI model compared with expert ratings (ICC = 0.96; weighted kappa = 0.87). Agreement on individual criteria was similarly high (Cohen's kappa = 0.83–0.87). Expert-adjusted AI scores further improved reliability (ICC = 0.98). Intra-rater reliability was also excellent, with perfect agreement for AI-generated scores (ICC = 1.00; kappa = 1.00).

Conclusions: These findings demonstrate that AI-based assessment offers objective, reliable, and scalable evaluation, enhancing accuracy and efficiency of FMS assessment in education and research.

The original version of this article has been updated.

Publisher's note

All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article, or claim that may be made by its manufacturer, is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.

Keywords: motor competence, fundamental movement skills, machine learning, mobile application, physical education

Citation: Makaruk H, Porter JM, Webster EK, Makaruk B, Tomaszewski P, Nogal M, Gawłowski D, Sobański Ł, Molik B and Sadowski J (2025) Correction: Artificial intelligence-enhanced assessment of fundamental motor skills: validity and reliability of the FUS test for jumping rope performance. Front. Artif. Intell. 8:1710897. doi: 10.3389/frai.2025.1710897

Received: 22 September 2025; Accepted: 08 October 2025;
Published: 16 October 2025.

Edited and reviewed by: Maria Concetta Carruba, Pegaso University, Italy

Copyright © 2025 Makaruk, Porter, Webster, Makaruk, Tomaszewski, Nogal, Gawłowski, Sobański, Molik and Sadowski. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

*Correspondence: Hubert Makaruk, aHViZXJ0Lm1ha2FydWtAYXdmLmVkdS5wbA==

Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.