REVIEW article

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

Sec. Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine

Volume 13 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2025.1643408

This article is part of the Research TopicPluripotent Stem Cells in Mammal Adult TissuesView all 6 articles

Menstrual Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Extracellular Vesicles -a Potential Tool for Tissue Regeneration and Disease Detection

Provisionally accepted
Raminta VaiciuleviciuteRaminta Vaiciuleviciute1Jolita PachalevaJolita Pachaleva1Eiva BernotieneEiva Bernotiene1,2Gabija KugaudaiteGabija Kugaudaite1Ignas LebedisIgnas Lebedis1Edvinas KruglyEdvinas Krugly3Ilona UzielieneIlona Uzieliene1,3*
  • 1State Research Institute Center for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania
  • 2Vilniaus Gedimino technikos universitetas, Vilnius, Lithuania
  • 3Kauno technologijos universitetas, Kaunas, Lithuania

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Menstrual blood-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MenSCs) have emerged as a novel source for regenerative medicine, offering a unique alternative to traditional stem cell types, including adiposederived and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). MenSCs are characterized by their pluripotency, multi-lineage differentiation potential and immunomodulatory properties, which enable them to contribute to the regeneration of various tissues such as skin, uterus, muscle, connective tissues and nerves. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by MenSCs contain biologically active molecules, including proteins, lipids, and RNAs, which play a key role in mediating these regenerative effects. Compared to other MSC-derived EVs, MenSC-EVs offer distinct advantages due to their enhanced regenerative capabilities and lower immunogenicity. Moreover, MenSC-EVs are a promising source for disease biomarkers in various diseases, including female reproductive system issues such as infertility. This manuscript reviews the latest findings on MenSCs and their EVs, highlighting their cargo composition, regenerative potential and as a source of biomarkers across multiple tissues, comparing their cargo profiles with EVs derived from other MSC sources.

Keywords: Menstrual blood mesenchymal stromal cells, extracellular vesicles, MSCs, biomarkers, therapy, diagnostics

Received: 08 Jun 2025; Accepted: 11 Jul 2025.

Copyright: © 2025 Vaiciuleviciute, Pachaleva, Bernotiene, Kugaudaite, Lebedis, Krugly and Uzieliene. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

* Correspondence: Ilona Uzieliene, State Research Institute Center for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania

Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.

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