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REVIEW article

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

Sec. Coronary Artery Disease

Volume 12 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2025.1609705

This article is part of the Research TopicNovel Role and Mechanisms of Inflammation in Myocardial InfarctionView all articles

Key Inflammatory Players for Infarcted Mass and Cardiac Remodeling after Acute Myocardial Infarction

Provisionally accepted
Francisco A H FonsecaFrancisco A H Fonseca1*Carolina Nunes FrançaCarolina Nunes França2Henrique Andrade FonsecaHenrique Andrade Fonseca3Andrey J SerraAndrey J Serra1Maria Cristina IzarMaria Cristina Izar1
  • 1Escola Paulista de Medicina da Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Sao Paulo - SP, Brazil
  • 2Universidade Santo Amaro, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
  • 3Albert Einstein Israelite Hospital, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

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Atherosclerosis has been defined as an inflammatory disease. Excess inflammatory activity is associated with disease severity and mortality as observed during acute infections. After myocardial infarction, several waves of inflammatory cells play a crucial role in infarct size and cardiac remodeling. In the short and long term, subtypes of inflammatory cells and cytokines released orchestrate the healing and stability of coronary disease. In recent years, some anti-inflammatory therapies have been shown to reduce the residual cardiovascular risk. Furthermore, some medications for treating risk factors and the adoption of a healthy lifestyle have decreased inflammatory markers and cardiovascular outcomes. In this complex network of possibilities, multiple interventions and not just on a specific cell type or cytokine, may provide better results. Finally, mild or moderate inflammatory activity appears necessary for better recovery and survival after acute myocardial infarction.

Keywords: B cells, T cells, macrophages/monocytes, Neutrophils, Dendritic Cells, Cytokines, C-Reactive Protein, microbiota

Received: 10 Apr 2025; Accepted: 27 Jun 2025.

Copyright: © 2025 Fonseca, França, Fonseca, Serra and Cristina Izar. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

* Correspondence: Francisco A H Fonseca, Escola Paulista de Medicina da Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Sao Paulo - SP, Brazil

Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.

Supplementary Material