REVIEW article
Front. Cardiovasc. Med.
Sec. Atherosclerosis and Vascular Medicine
Volume 12 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2025.1613900
Molecular Crosstalk in Perivascular Adipose Tissue: Mechanisms of Inflammation, Metabolic Dysregulation, and Therapeutic Opportunities in Cardiovascular Disease
Provisionally accepted
Shunhong Zhang1
Jun Jiang1Yi Luo1Guangyue Liu2
Saidi Hu3Siran Wan3Chenchen Luo4Hong Li5Nian Li6Jailson Da Graça Espírito Santo Vasconcelos7Leonilde Lavres Ceita de Carvalho7Monazeri Lima Bragança Da Costa Costa8José Etchu Takounjou7
Karem Neves7Luzimery Dos Ramos Da Conceição7Marinela Da Costa Encarnação7
Linyong Zhao2*- 1Pangang Group General Hospital, Panzhihua, China
- 2West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
- 3Yaan people’s Hospital, Yaan, China
- 4The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- 5Department of Ultrasound Medicine,Panzhihua Women & Enfants Healthcare Hospital, Panzhihua, China
- 6Panzhihua Central Hospital, Panzhihua, China
- 7Hospital Dr Ayres de Menezes, Sao Tome, Sao Tome and Principe
- 8Delegação de saúde São Tomé e Príncipe, Sao Tome, Sao Tome and Principe
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The escalating recognition of perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) as a molecular nexus in cardiovascular disease (CVD) pathogenesis necessitates a comprehensive synthesis of its spatiotemporal dynamics and therapeutic potential. This review synthesizes PVAT ' s roles in vascular inflammation, metabolic dysregulation, and emerging diagnostic strategies, emphasizing molecular cross-talk and spatial heterogeneity. We explore PVAT's molecular interactions in obesity, diabetes, and hypertension, elucidating its contribution to inflammation, oxidative stress, and endothelial dysfunction. Advanced imaging techniques, notably the perivascular fat attenuation index (FAI) and circulating biomarkers, are highlighted for early CVD detection. Novel therapeutic strategies, including lifestyle modifications, pharmacological interventions, and gut microbiota modulation, are discussed. Finally, we emphasize multi-omics approaches and propose a roadmap bridging basic and clinical research to advance PVAT-based CVD management.
Keywords: perivascular adipose tissue, biomarkers, vascular inflammation, Atherosclerosis, cardiovascular disease
Received: 28 Apr 2025; Accepted: 11 Jun 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Zhang, Jiang, Luo, Liu, Hu, Wan, Luo, Li, Li, Da Graça Espírito Santo Vasconcelos, Lavres Ceita de Carvalho, Lima Bragança Da Costa Costa, Takounjou, Neves, Dos Ramos Da Conceição, Da Costa Encarnação and Zhao. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Linyong Zhao, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
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