ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Cardiovasc. Med.
Sec. General Cardiovascular Medicine
Volume 12 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2025.1622958
Revealing Lactylation-Mediated Mechanisms and hub genes in Heart Failure pathogenesis
Provisionally accepted
- 1Baicheng Medical College, Jilin, China
- 2The Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Jilin Province, China
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Abstract Purpose: This study explores Lactylation’s pivotal role in the disease progression of heart failure (HF). Methods: The GSE57345 dataset, encompassing 177 HF samples and 136 normal controls (CTL), was sourced from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Differentially expressed genes between HF and CTL groups underwent enrichment analysis using Gene ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways. Weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) and unsupervised clustering were employed to identify HF-associated gene modules and subtypes, and these were intersected with lactate-related genes (LRG), curated from the Molecular Signatures Database and GeneCards, to pinpoint hub genes implicated in Lactylation-mediated HF (Lcy-HF). The Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO), Xgboost, Boruta algorithms, and protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks were utilized to identify these hub genes. The diagnostic potential and biological significance of these hub genes in HF progression were assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves、gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), and immune infiltration analysis. Results: In the comparison between HF and CTL samples, 91 up-regulated and 88 down-regulated genes were identified, primarily enriched in inflammatory responses and pathways. By intersecting 387 LRGs curated from databases, we pinpointed six hub genes implicated in Lcy-HF: GATA2, HBB, JAK2, STAT2, STAT4, and WARS2. Immune infiltration analysis further revealed that these Lcy-HF hub genes are associated with macrophage polarization. Conclusions: Lactylation plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of HF, with genes like GATA2, HBB, JAK2, STAT2, STAT4, and WARS2 emerging as potential Lactylation biomarkers for HF identification. The Lactylation-macrophage polarization-inflammation axis stands out as a pivotal mechanism driving HF progression.
Keywords: lactylation, Heart Failure, Macrophage polarization, JAK/STAT, Bioinformatics analysis
Received: 05 May 2025; Accepted: 23 Jul 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Xie, Wang, Zhu, Zhang, Niu and Jin. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Hongguang Jin, The Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Jilin Province, China
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