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REVIEW article

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

Sec. Stem Cell Research

Volume 13 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fcell.2025.1650885

This article is part of the Research TopicNovel Insights into Cellular Mechanisms and Therapies for Tissue RegenerationView all 3 articles

Stem cell therapy offers new hope for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease

Provisionally accepted
Guodong HeGuodong He1Jingnan HuangJingnan Huang2Zhaodi ZengZhaodi Zeng2Huiyu SunHuiyu Sun3Chao WuChao Wu1Qi XuQi Xu4Chuanchen HuChuanchen Hu1Bei JinBei Jin1Minfeng TongMinfeng Tong1Chengde WangChengde Wang5*
  • 1Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Jinhua, China
  • 2Wencheng Hospital Affiliated of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
  • 3Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, China
  • 4Huzhou Hospital Affiliated of Zhejiang University, Huzhou, China
  • 5First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China

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Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder primarily characterized by memory impairment and cognitive decline, for which no curative treatment is currently available. Existing therapeutic strategies, such as cholinesterase inhibitors and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists, can only provide limited symptomatic relief and fail to halt disease progression. In recent years, stem cell therapy has emerged as a promising approach for AD due to its multifaceted mechanisms of action. The therapeutic effects of stem cells in AD are mainly attributed to their ability to differentiate into functional neurons or glial cells, thereby replacing damaged cells and repairing neural networks. In addition, stem cells secrete neurotrophic and anti-inflammatory factors that contribute to the improvement of the brain microenvironment. Furthermore, they can regulate neuroinflammation, promote the clearance of β-amyloid (Aβ) deposits, and suppress neuroinflammation, thus potentially slowing disease progression. However, several challenges remain, including low cell survival rates, immune rejection, tumorigenic risks, and difficulties in crossing the blood-brain barrier. Looking ahead, the integration of advanced technologies such as organoid models, gene editing, artificial intelligence, and multiomics approaches may drive substantial progress in the clinical translation of stem cell therapies for AD. Although still in its early stages, the future of this therapeutic strategy holds great promise.

Keywords: Alzheimer's disease, Stem Cells, Regenerative therapy, Paracrine and immunomodulatory mechanisms, amyloid-β clearance

Received: 20 Jun 2025; Accepted: 25 Jul 2025.

Copyright: © 2025 He, Huang, Zeng, Sun, Wu, Xu, Hu, Jin, Tong and Wang. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

* Correspondence: Chengde Wang, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China

Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.

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