ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

Sec. Microbes and Innate Immunity

Volume 15 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2025.1540290

This article is part of the Research TopicRespiratory Pathogen Infection and Host Innate Immune ResponseView all 6 articles

Metabolomic profiling and identification of potential biomarkers of highly pathogenic avian influenza (H5N1) in chicken

Provisionally accepted
ALTHAF MOHAMMED K TALTHAF MOHAMMED K T1Anuradha PanwarAnuradha Panwar1Akhila Hosur ShrungeswaraAkhila Hosur Shrungeswara2T. S. Keshava PrasadT. S. Keshava Prasad2Ashwin Ashok RautAshwin Ashok Raut1*Anamika MishraAnamika Mishra1*
  • 1ICAR-National Institute of High Security Animal Diseases (ICAR-NIHSAD), Bhopal, India
  • 2Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya University, Mangalore, Karnataka, India

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Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) H5N1 is a significant zoonotic pathogen with pandemic potential. Owing to its high prevalence and mortality rates in poultry and recent expansion of host range, unravelling the metabolomics underlying of HPAI H5N1 pathogenesis and host-pathogen interactions is critical for developing effective control strategies. Metabolomic data was generated from serum and lung of HPAI H5N1 infected and mock infected specific pathogen-free (SPF) chicken using LC-MS/MS. The study identified 31 and 13 altered metabolites in lung, as well as 22 and 15 in serum under positive and negative ionization respectively. Key metabolites namely, sphingosine, psychosine sulfate, and L-serine that impact viral endocytosis and cell signalling were significantly altered. Their effect on sphingolipid and tryptophan metabolism explains the lung and CNS pathology associated with HPAI H5N1. This study marks the first metabolomics profiling of HPAI H5N1-infected chicken and provides insights for development of novel therapeutics and control strategies

Keywords: Metabolomics, H5N1, Sphingolipid metabolism, tryptophan metabolism, SPF chicken

Received: 05 Dec 2024; Accepted: 19 May 2025.

Copyright: © 2025 K T, Panwar, Shrungeswara, Prasad, Raut and Mishra. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

* Correspondence:
Ashwin Ashok Raut, ICAR-National Institute of High Security Animal Diseases (ICAR-NIHSAD), Bhopal, India
Anamika Mishra, ICAR-National Institute of High Security Animal Diseases (ICAR-NIHSAD), Bhopal, India

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