SYSTEMATIC REVIEW article
Front. Clim.
Sec. Climate Adaptation
Climate Change, Disease Dynamics, and Breeding Responses in Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Production in Tanzania: A Systematic Review (2005–2025)
Provisionally accepted
Michael Lucas Daud1*
Papias Hongera Binagwa2Beatrice Victor Mwaipopo1Deusdedith Rugaihukamu Mbanzibwa2Salma Omar Mohamed3
Luseko Amos Chilagane1
Susan Nchimbi-Msolla1- 1Sokoine University of Agriculture College of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania
- 2Tanzania Agricultural Research Institute, Dodoma, Tanzania
- 3Zanzibar Agricultural and Livestock Research Institute (ZALIRI), Zanzibar, Tanzania
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Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) plays a significant role in Tanzanian agriculture, sustaining food security and rural livelihoods for millions of smallholder farmers. However, its production is increasingly jeopardized by climate change and variability, most notably drought, heat stress, and flooding which has intensified both the frequency and severity of devastating diseases and insect pests. This systematic review, conducted in accordance with PRISMA 2020 guidelines, synthesizes findings from 103 peer-reviewed studies published between 2005 and 2025, drawing from leading scientific databases and institutional repositories focused on Tanzania. Results indicate that over 65% of documented disease outbreaks are attributable to climate extremes, which significantly influence pathogen virulence, life cycles, and host vulnerability. Drought was found to correlate with a 30– 50% increase in wilt disease incidence, while heat waves accelerated disease progression in approximately one-third of cases with estimated yield loss of up to 40% by 2050. Flooding, though less frequently addressed, was identified as an emerging and insufficiently studied factor in soil-and water-borne diseases. Breeding initiatives in Tanzania have advanced drought, heat tolerance and resistance to diseases, yet more than 70% of programs continue to focus on single-stress resistance, with limited integration of multi-stress or participatory approaches. The adoption of genomic-assisted selection methods remains promising within national breeding efforts. This review underscores the necessity of transitioning toward climate-smart breeding frameworks, integrating multi-stress
Keywords: breedingstrategies, climate variability, disease dynamics, drought, flooding, Heat stress, Multi-stress tolerance, participatory breeding
Received: 09 Dec 2025; Accepted: 26 Jan 2026.
Copyright: © 2026 Daud, Binagwa, Mwaipopo, Mbanzibwa, Mohamed, Chilagane and Nchimbi-Msolla. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Michael Lucas Daud
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