ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Comput. Sci.

Sec. Human-Media Interaction

Volume 7 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fcomp.2025.1623029

Human-Ai In Affordance Perspective: A Study On Chatgpt Users in The Context Of Indonesian Users

Provisionally accepted
Rizca  HaqquRizca Haqqu*Alya  Rahma ZahraniAlya Rahma ZahraniFirdaus  Azwar ErsyadFirdaus Azwar ErsyadAstri  WulandariAstri WulandariKusmareza  AdrioKusmareza Adrio
  • Telkom University, Bandung, Indonesia

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

This study explores the interaction between humans and artificial intelligence (AI) through the lens of affordance theory, focusing on how Indonesian users experience and interpret ChatGPT in their daily lives. Adopting a socioconstructivist approach to affordance, the research investigates how users perceive, adapt to, and assign meaning to ChatGPT's capabilities beyond its technical design. Using a qualitative descriptive method with light netnographic observation, this study examines user interactions and discussions within online communities. The findings reveal that affordances are not solely embedded in the AI system but emerge relationally, shaped by users' intentions, contexts, and social interpretations. ChatGPT is variously perceived as a thinking assistant, productivity enhancer, confidence booster, and reflective partner. These perceptions are informed by diverse user motivations, such as improving work efficiency, overcoming cognitive barriers, or seeking emotional support in moments of solitude. The study identifies a dynamic interaction between technological features and human agency, highlighting how users' lived experiences co-construct the functional and symbolic value of AI. This research contributes to the evolving discourse on human-AI relationships by emphasizing the subjective and socially situated nature of affordances, offering insights into how users domesticate AI tools in everyday contexts. Ultimately, the study challenges deterministic views of technology by demonstrating that the perceived value of AI is co-created through experiential engagement rather than solely defined by its technical affordances.

Keywords: artificial intelligence, ChatGPT, Human-AI interaction, affordance, Anthropomorphism, human machine communication

Received: 19 May 2025; Accepted: 04 Jul 2025.

Copyright: © 2025 Haqqu, Zahrani, Ersyad, Wulandari and Adrio. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

* Correspondence: Rizca Haqqu, Telkom University, Bandung, Indonesia

Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.