REVIEW article
Front. Endocrinol.
Sec. Clinical Diabetes
Volume 16 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fendo.2025.1532682
Association of Immune-inflammation Indexes with Incidence and Prognosis of Diabetic Nephropathy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Provisionally accepted
- 1Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
- 2Management Office of National Facility for Translational Medicine. West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- 3Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
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The significance of immune-inflammation indexes in diabetic nephropathy (DN) was assessed in this meta-analysis to offer guidance for clinical diagnosis and treatment for DN.2 Methods: We performed a meta-analysis on the association between immune-inflammation indexes and the incidence and prognosis of DN, specifically focusing on the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), and systemic inflammation response index (SIRI). We thoroughly searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane from inception to September 2024.The statistical analysis was performed using R 4.2.3 software.Results: 56 studies were ultimately included, comprising 50 that examined the association between DN incidence and immune-inflammation indexes and 8 that examined the association between DN prognosis and immune-inflammation indexes.The levels of NLR, MLR, PLR, and SII were significantly higher in DN patients than in non-DN ones. Besides, high NLR, MLR, SII, and SIRI were associated with elevated incidence of DN. Moreover, the high NLR group was more prone to a poor prognosis than the low NLR group (OR: 1.372, 95% CI: 1.160-1.624).Conclusions: Immune-inflammation indexes can, to a certain extent, serve as a biomarker to predict the occurrence of DN. In addition, high NLR has a potential association with the occurrence of poor prognosis in DN.
Keywords: diabetic nephropathy, immune-inflammation index, biomarkers, Diagnostic techniques, prognosis, Meta-analysis, Systematic review
Received: 22 Nov 2024; Accepted: 18 Jul 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Zhang, Wang, Liu, Gu, Cai, Lei and Luo. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Nannan Zhang, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
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