REVIEW article
Front. Endocrinol.
Sec. Thyroid Endocrinology
Volume 16 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fendo.2025.1537957
This article is part of the Research TopicThyroid eye diseasesView all 8 articles
Application progress of magnetic resonance imaging in thyroid associated ophthalmopathy
Provisionally accepted
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism,Changzheng Hospital,Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
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Thyroid associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) is an autoimmune orbital disease associated with thyroid dysfunction, which may significantly impactthe appearance and quality of life of patients. The course of TAO includes active stage and inactive stage, and the treatment methods are different in different stages. The clinical activity score is often used to evaluate the activity of TAO , but it is easy to be affected by subjective factors because it is based on the symptoms and signs of patients. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can evaluate the postorbital tissue structure of TAO more objectively and accurately. A variety of MRI modalities have been used in the diagnosis and treatment of TAO. This article mainly summarizes the application of MRI in diagnosing TAO, assessing its activity, predicting treatment efficacy, and evaluating therapeutic outcomes, thereby providing clinicians with additional evidence-based options.
Keywords: Thyroid associated ophthalmopathy1, Magnetic Resonance Imaging2, signal intensity ratio3, T2 mapping4, diffusion-weighted imaging5
Received: 02 Dec 2024; Accepted: 03 Jun 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Song, Li, Tang, Lv, Zhang, Zhou and Shi. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Yongquan Shi, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism,Changzheng Hospital,Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
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