REVIEW article
Front. Endocrinol.
Sec. Reproduction
Volume 16 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fendo.2025.1555636
MicroRNA participates in embryo implantation by modulating endometrial tolerance in sows during peri-implantation period
Provisionally accepted
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Resistance and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
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MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNA. MiRNAs affect physiological processes by regulating messenger RNA (mRNA) translation of target genes. The peri-implantation period is the period with the most loss of pig embryos, during which the endometrium provides support for embryo selectivity. The effects of miRNAs during the porcine peri-implantation period include roles in pregnancy recognition, embryo adhesion, maternal vascular support, and immune system modulation. 1) During peri-implantation period, miRNAs regulates the synthesis and secretion of estrogen, progesterone and prostaglandin, and thus plays a role in the process of fetal pregnancy recognition and maintenance. 2) miRNAs regulates the expression of integrin, insulin-like growth factor and their receptors in the embryonic adhesion stage, mediates the formation of tight adhesion and invasion of trophoblast cells, and provides structural support for embryonic development. In addition, miRNAs also acted on retinol-binding protein 4, uterine ferritin, cadhrin, matrix metalloproteinase, fibroblast growth factor and other cytokines, creating a suitable environment for embryo growth. 3) A large number of new blood vessels in the endometrium provide sufficient nutrition for the embryo, miRNAs regulates angiogenesis by acting on angiogenic factors and basic fibroblast growth factors and their participating cellular pathways, thus regulating embryo implantation. 4) miRNAs regulates the maternal immune system to prevent the embryo from being rejected by the immune system due to the presence of paternal antigens (swine leukocyte antigen and so on). Here, we reviewed the regulatory role of miRNAs in the peri-implantation period of embryos, in order to provide theoretical support for reducing the loss of embryos during the peri-implantation period by intervening miRNAs expression. can ensure a suitable environment for the embryo, and synchronous development starts from the secretion of estrogen by the embryo (2). This article reviews the mechanism of miRNA regulation of embryo implantation in porcine endometrium, aiming to provide a reference for the development of more effective nutritional strategies to regulate miRNA expression and improve the survival of porcine embryos during peri-implantation period.
Keywords: miRNAs, Endometrium, Hormones, Cytokines, Immunity
Received: 05 Jan 2025; Accepted: 11 Jul 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Li, Jia, Mao, Li, Wu and Xu. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Shengyu Xu, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Resistance and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan Province, China
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