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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Endocrinol.

Sec. Renal Endocrinology

Volume 16 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fendo.2025.1566011

Association Between Obesity Indexes and Chronic Kidney Disease Risk: A Double-cohort Prospective Study in the Binhai and UK Biobank

Provisionally accepted
Suhua  GaoSuhua Gao1,2Yixi  LiuYixi Liu1,2,3Hongyan  LiuHongyan Liu1,2Yao  LinYao Lin1,2Pufei  BaiPufei Bai1,2Fang  HouFang Hou4Lu  ShanLu Shan1,5Saijun  ZhouSaijun Zhou1,2Haizhen  SunHaizhen Sun1,5Guangyang  MaGuangyang Ma1,2Hao  LiuHao Liu4Mianzhi  ZhangMianzhi Zhang6Zhuang  CuiZhuang Cui7Pei  YuPei Yu1,2*
  • 1NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin, China
  • 2Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
  • 3Xi'an Honghui Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
  • 4Community Health Service Center, Jiefang Road, Tanggu Street, Binhai New District, Tianjin, China
  • 5Department of Radiology, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
  • 6Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, Beijing, China
  • 7Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

The prevalence of overweight and obesity has increased worldwide, leading to growing concern regarding the impact of visceral adipose deposition on renal function.The aim of this study was to evaluate the predictive value of 10 obesity indexes for the risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in both Chinese populations and Western.The Tianjin Chronic Kidney Disease Study (Binhai, primary cohort) included 126,109 participants, while 358,918 adults from the U.K. Biobank (UKB, replication cohort) were included. Cox proportional hazard and restricted cubic spline models were used to assess the relationships between obesity indexes and the risk of CKD.Results: During a median follow-up of 35 months in the Binhai cohort, 14,435 CKD cases were identified, while 358,918 CKD cases were observed in the U.K. Biobank cohort during 161 months of follow-up. The risk of CKD increased with increasing quartile levels of the Chinese Visceral Adiposity Index (CVAI) (P for trend < 0.001).CVAI was associated with increased CKD risk (hazard ratio in comparing the highest to the lowest quintile = 1.22 [95% CI 1.16-1.30]) and its predictive ability was the highest among the 10 obesity indexes, with an AUC value of 0.588 (0.581-0.594) in the female subgroup of the Binhai cohort. All of the obesity indexes were negatively correlated with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).Conclusions: Findings from two large prospective cohort studies support the notion that obesity indexes, particularly CVAI, are significantly associated with the risk of CKD across diverse ethnic groups.

Keywords: Obesity, Chronic Kidney Disease, Chinese visceral adiposity index, Obesity indexes, Double-cohort Study

Received: 24 Jan 2025; Accepted: 03 Jun 2025.

Copyright: © 2025 Gao, Liu, Liu, Lin, Bai, Hou, Shan, Zhou, Sun, Ma, Liu, Zhang, Cui and Yu. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

* Correspondence: Pei Yu, NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin, China

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