ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Endocrinol.
Sec. Reproduction
Volume 16 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fendo.2025.1583991
This article is part of the Research TopicImpact of Diminished Gonadal Function on Metabolic and Cardiovascular HealthView all articles
Insulin resistance assessed by estimated glucose disposal rate is associated with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among postmenopausal women
Provisionally accepted
- The First People's Hospital of Taicang, Taicang, China
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The estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR) is a noninvasive and practical marker for assessing insulin resistance, but its association with mortality in postmenopausal women remains uncertain.A cohort of 9371 postmenopausal women from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999-2018) was studied. Baseline eGDR was calculated, and mortality outcomes (all-cause and cardiovascular) were linked to National Death Index (NDI) records up to December 31, 2019. Multivariate Cox regression, restricted cubic splines, and subgroup analyses were employed to assess the relationships between eGDR and mortality.Results: During a median follow-up of 98 months, 2151 deaths from all causes and 679 from cardiovascular causes were documented. In the multivariable-adjusted Cox model, higher eGDR quartiles were associated with progressively lower all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. In comparison to the lowest eGDR quartile, the highest quartile showed adjusted hazard ratios of 0.765 (0.646-0.906) for all-cause mortality and 0.677 (0.498-0.921) for cardiovascular mortality. A U-shaped realtionship between eGDR and all-cause mortality was identified, with an inflection point at 5.11 mg/kg/min. Subgroup analyses revealed a stronger association between eGDR and all-cause as well as cardiovascular mortality in individuals younger than 60 years.Conclusions: Among postmenopausal women, decreased eGDR, signifying higher insulin resistance, correlates with greater risks of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality.
Keywords: Estimated glucose disposal rate, Insulin Resistance, All-cause mortality, Cardiovascular mortality, postmenopausal women
Received: 26 Feb 2025; Accepted: 14 Jul 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Qian, Chai and Zhao. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Han Qian, The First People's Hospital of Taicang, Taicang, China
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