ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Endocrinol.
Sec. Renal Endocrinology
Volume 16 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fendo.2025.1589528
This article is part of the Research TopicModifiable Risk Factors for Chronic Kidney Disease ProgressionView all articles
Relationship between dietary acid-base load and non-insulin-based resistance measures in patients with chronic kidney disease
Provisionally accepted
Hui Huang
Qian Wang
Ruimin Zhang
Fang LiuYue Niu
Yayong LuoJunqian WangShuang Li
Zhengchun TangXueying Cao
Xiaolong WangJian YangSha LuoWeizhu Deng
WeiGuang ZhangYing ZhengYong Wang
L Zhang
GUANGYAN CAI
Xiangmei Chen*
Zheyi Dong*- Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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This study explored the associations between triglyceride glucose (TyG), TyG with body mass index (TyG-BMI), triglyceride-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio, and metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS-IR) and the effects of dietary acid-base load in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Methods: A total of 288 patients with CKD were included in this study. Four non-insulin-based insulin resistance (IR) markers were used to assess IR levels in patients with CKD; dietary intake – 24-h dietary recall; and diet-based acidity – potential renal acid load (PRAL), net endogenous acid production (NEAP), and dietary acid load (DAL). Multiple linear regression analysis correlated dietary acid-base load and non-insulin-based IR markers. Results: Spearman’s correlation indicated DAL was significantly associated with TyG-BMI (r = 0.251, P < 0.001) and METS-IR (r = 0.274, P < 0.001), but weakly correlated with the TG/HDL-C ratio (r = 0.14, P = 0.018). After adjusting for sex, age, energy, hypertension (HTN), diabetes, and estimated glomerular filtration rate, multiple linear regression analysis showed that DAL was associated with TyG-BMI (β = 0.336; P = 0.008) and METS-IR (β = 0.091; P = 0.007). Conclusions: Patients with the highest DAL scores had the highest TyG-BMI, TyG, TG/HDL-C ratio, and METS-IR. After adjusting for confounders, there was a significant positive association between DAL and TyG-BMI and METS-IR.
Keywords: Chronic Kidney Disease, dietary acid--base load, Triglyceride glucose-body mass index, Metabolic score for insulin resistance, Insulin Resistance
Received: 07 Mar 2025; Accepted: 30 May 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Huang, Wang, Zhang, Liu, Niu, Luo, Wang, Li, Tang, Cao, Wang, Yang, Luo, Deng, Zhang, Zheng, Wang, Zhang, CAI, Chen and Dong. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Xiangmei Chen, Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
Zheyi Dong, Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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