MINI REVIEW article
Front. Endocrinol.
Sec. Reproduction
Volume 16 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fendo.2025.1603570
The Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Chronic Endometritis: A Comprehensive Review
Provisionally accepted
- 1Center of Reproductive Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 39 Huaxiang Road, Shenyang 110004, China, Shenyang, China
- 2Shenyang Reproductive Health Clinical Medicine Research Center, Shenyang 110004, China, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
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Chronic endometritis (CE) is a subtle but persistent inflammatory disorder of the endometrium that is often underdiagnosed due to its asymptomatic or non-specific presentation. The etiology of CE primarily involves microbial infections and immune dysregulation, often accompanied by microbial dysbiosis. Diagnosis relies on histopathological examination, especially the identification of stromal plasma cells, alongside hysteroscopic findings and microbiological testing, though standardization remains lacking. Mechanistically, CE-induced infertility stems from altered immune cell profiles, impaired endometrial receptivity, aberrant decidualization, dysbiosis of the endometrial microbiota, and abnormal uterine peristalsis. Aberrant gene expression and hormone receptor dysregulation further disrupt the implantation window. This review summarizes current understanding of the diagnostic criteria, pathogenic mechanisms, and therapeutic strategies for CE, emphasizing its crucial role in infertility and the need for standardized clinical management.
Keywords: Antibiotic therapy, Chronic endometritis, Female infertility, Endometrial receptivity, Immune dysregulation, Microbial dysbiosis
Received: 05 Apr 2025; Accepted: 26 May 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Yan, Jiao and Wang. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Jiao Jiao, Center of Reproductive Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 39 Huaxiang Road, Shenyang 110004, China, Shenyang, China
Xiuxia Wang, Center of Reproductive Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 39 Huaxiang Road, Shenyang 110004, China, Shenyang, China
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