SYSTEMATIC REVIEW article
Front. Endocrinol.
Sec. Translational and Clinical Endocrinology
Volume 16 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fendo.2025.1640583
Anti-Müllerian Hormone as a Biomarker of Ovarian Function and Spontaneous Puberty in Turner Syndrome: A Systematic Review
Provisionally accepted
- 1King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- 2Imam Muhammad ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Word count: 202 Background: Turner syndrome (TS), caused by complete or partial X chromosome monosomy, often leads to primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) and pubertal delay.Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is a key biomarker of ovarian reserve, but its predictive role in spontaneous puberty and ovarian function in TS remains unclear.Methods: This systematic review followed PRISMA guidelines and included studies from PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane (2000-2025). Nine studies (865 TS patients, 976 controls) were analyzed. Outcomes included AMH levels in TS versus controls, association with spontaneous puberty, and predictive value for fertility preservation. Risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.Results: TS patients had significantly lower AMH levels than controls (weighted mean differences (WMD): -3.04 ng/mL, 95% CI: -3.26 to -2.83, p < 0.001). Detectable AMH correlated with spontaneous puberty (OR = 5.12, 95% CI: 2.87-9.12), particularly in mosaic karyotypes. Subgroup analyses revealed assay variability, with ELISAbased methods detecting low but clinically relevant AMH levels. Sensitivity analyses confirmed robustness, and publication bias was minimal (Egger's p = 0.283).AMH is a reliable biomarker for ovarian reserve and spontaneous puberty prediction in TS. Its integration into clinical practice may improve fertility counseling and hormone therapy timing. However, standardized assays and prospective studies are needed to optimize its diagnostic accuracy.
Keywords: Turner Syndrome, Anti-Müllerian hormone, ovarian reserve, spontaneous puberty, Fertility Preservation, Turner syndrom, Anti mullerian hormone (AMH)
Received: 03 Jun 2025; Accepted: 28 Aug 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Bin-Abbas and Jabari. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Mosleh Jabari, Imam Muhammad ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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