ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Endocrinol.
Sec. Clinical Diabetes
Association between abnormal glycoprotein and diabetic peripheral neuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Provisionally accepted
- 1Nantong First People's Hospital, Nantong, China
- 2Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing, China
- 3The First Affiliated Hospital With Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Background and Objectives: To investigate the association between serum abnormal glycoprotein (AP) and diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled 476 patients with T2DM. DPN was diagnosed using the Toronto Clinical Neuropathy Score (TCNS) and nerve conduction studies. The association between AP and DPN was evaluated using multivariable logistic regression, restricted cubic spline analysis (RCS), and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Results: Serum AP levels were significantly higher in patients with DPN than in those without (P < 0.001). After adjusting for multiple confounders, elevated AP emerged as an independent risk indicator for DPN (OR = 1.024, 95% CI: 1.012-1.036). A non-linear relationship was observed, with a marked increase in DPN risk when AP levels exceeded an inflection point of 119.628 μm². Combining AP with clinical variables significantly enhanced predictive accuracy for DPN, increasing the area under the curve (AUC) from 0.686 to 0.805. Conclusions: Elevated serum AP represents a novel and independent risk indicator for DPN in patients with T2DM. Its integration into clinical practice may facilitate early detection for DPN.
Keywords: abnormal glycoprotein, Diabetic peripheral neuropathy, nerve conduction study, Restricted cubic spline analysis, receiver operating characteristic
Received: 02 Sep 2025; Accepted: 20 Nov 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Zhu, DeYue, Li, Jiang and Shen. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Hemin Jiang, drjianghemin@163.com
Ziyang Shen, shenzy@njmu.edu.cn
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