REVIEW article
Front. Immunol.
Sec. T Cell Biology
Volume 16 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1576468
This article is part of the Research TopicGene Regulation in Lymphocyte Development and ResponseView all 6 articles
TOX, through a glass, darkly
Provisionally accepted
- 1La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, United States
- 2Moores Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States
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The transcription factor TOX has attracted attention in recent years for its role in CD8+ T cell exhaustion. In fact, TOX was known historically for its diverse roles in immune cell biology. Here, we inquire into the basis for this versatility, and propose that one main consideration is that TOX is an HMG-box transcription factor. We discuss some mechanisms that other HMG-box transcription factors employ to perform their cellular functions, as examples of the range of mechanisms TOX might employ in furthering T cell exhaustion.
Keywords: please, use, keywords, From, original, submission
Received: 14 Feb 2025; Accepted: 20 May 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Hogan, Villalobos Reveles and Arteaga Vazquez. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Patrick G Hogan, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, United States
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