MINI REVIEW article

Front. Immunol.

Sec. Cytokines and Soluble Mediators in Immunity

Volume 16 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1598407

This article is part of the Research TopicCytokine Interactions and Biomarker Potential in Various DiseasesView all articles

Extracellular Vesicles: Molecular Messengers and New Therapeutic Targets in Acute Myocardial Infarction

Provisionally accepted
Hao WuHao Wu1Jinyi XueJinyi Xue1Qiuyu LiuQiuyu Liu1Zhenxun WanZhenxun Wan1Lingling LiangLingling Liang1Shi-Han SunShi-Han Sun1PING LIUPING LIU1Mingtai ChenMingtai Chen2Mengnan LiuMengnan Liu1*
  • 1Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
  • 2Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen ，Guangdong, China

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Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanoscale particles secreted by cells, encapsulating a variety of biomolecules, and have emerged as significant players in the pathophysiology of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). These vesicles exhibit both detrimental and therapeutic effects. On one hand, EVs contribute to AMI progression by promoting apoptosis, exacerbating inflammatory responses, and impairing angiogenesis. On the other hand, they facilitate cardiac repair by enhancing neovascularization, mitigating programmed cell death, and inhibiting fibrosis. This review provides a comprehensive overview of EV biogenesis, release mechanisms, and their dual regulatory roles in AMI, emphasizing the complex interplay of EVs in myocardial injury. Additionally, it explores the potential of EVs as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic delivery vehicles, highlighting their importance in advancing diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. By elucidating the multifaceted roles of EVs, this review aims to establish a foundation for their clinical translation, improve their applicability in precision medicine, and explore the promising potential in cardiovascular disease treatment.

Keywords: extracellular vesicles, acute myocardial infarction, therapeutic targets, Cardiac repair, biomarkers, Immune modulation Abbreviation EVs, extracellular vesicles, AMI, Acute Myocardial Infarction, mRNA, messenger RNA

Received: 23 Mar 2025; Accepted: 10 Jun 2025.

Copyright: © 2025 Wu, Xue, Liu, Wan, Liang, Sun, LIU, Chen and Liu. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

* Correspondence: Mengnan Liu, Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.

Supplementary Material