REVIEW article
Front. Immunol.
Sec. Cancer Immunity and Immunotherapy
Volume 16 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1603816
From oncogenesis to prognosis: the roles of the immunoproteasome in cancer
Provisionally accepted
- 1University of Montreal Hospital Centre (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- 2Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
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The proteasome (prosome, macropain) is a key cellular organelle responsible primarily for protein homeostasis, by degrading damaged or misfolded proteins. Proteasome-processed protein fragments can then be further trimmed and funnelled to the major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) antigen presentation pathway for cell surface display and immune recognition. Various types of proteasomes can be found in mammalian cells with different expression patterns and cleavage abilities.As such, the immunoproteasome (ImP) preferentially cleaves proteins to yield MHC-I-compatible fragments. It is constitutively expressed by some immune cells and can be induced by proinflammatory signals. Interestingly, it was also found to be expressed in multiple types of cancers and proteasome activity can be modulated by some cancer therapies. A better understanding of its impact on cancer progression, prognosis and treatment response is therefore needed to guide treatment decisions. In this review, we focus on the multiple roles of the ImP in cancer, including its interplay with the immune system, as well as its impact on patient outcomes.
Keywords: immunoproteasome, Cancer, oncogenesis, anti-tumor immunity, clinical outcome
Received: 01 Apr 2025; Accepted: 23 Jun 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Béland, Viens, Kalin and Bourgeois-Daigneault. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Marie-Claude Bourgeois-Daigneault, Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
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