Myo-inositol affects the health, metabolome, and lactation performance of peripartum dairy cows

Chun Zheng Wang¹Jia Nan Dong^1,2Wu Wen Sun¹Ke Qu¹Zi Chen Ling¹Natnael D. Aschalew³Yang Zhao¹Zhe Sun¹Na Ta⁴Zhi Kun Zhao¹Yong Jun Liu⁵Wei Gang Zhang⁶Wei Zhao⁶Gui Xin Qin¹Yu Guo Zhen^1*Tao Wang^1*

• ¹College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
• ²Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Region, China
• ³College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia
• ⁴Tongliao agricultural and animal husbandry science research institute, Tongliao, China
• ⁵Ningxia Agricultural Reclamation Helan Mountain Dairy Co., Ltd., Yinchuan, China
• ⁶Changchun Borui Science & Technology Co., Ltd, Changchun, Hebei Province, China

Yeast culture (YC) has become a crucial microecological preparation for regulating the ruminal environment and improving ruminant health. Myo-inositol is an effective substance in YC, our study aimed to investigate whether myo-inositol can regulate metabolism and influence the health of dairy cows. Therefore, this study explored the effects of myo-inositol on the health, metabolome, and lactation performance of peripartum dairy cows using both in vitro and in vivo models. The study found the average milk production of the IN65 group increased by 3.98% and 4.05% respectively, compared to the control group and YC group in 21 d. The concentrations of five volatile fatty acids (acetic acid, butyric acid, isobutyric acid, valeric acid, and isovaleric acid), and total volatile fatty acids were significantly higher in the IN65 group compared to the CON group at 6 h in vitro (P < 0.01). The levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), total antioxidant status (TAS), and total oxidative status (TOS) were significantly higher on postpartum day 21 compared to day 1 (P < 0.01). However, a trend indicating a decrease in immune function was observed in the IN65 group compared to the CON group. These findings suggest that inositol may improve the health of transitional dairy cows. Additionally, Mantel analysis showed a positive correlation between VFA, such as acetic acid and propionic acid, and the relative abundances of Succiniclasticum, Clostridiaceae_Clostridium, Bulleidia, and Moryella with three specific differential metabolites: D-glyceric acid, pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid, and xanthosine. These differential metabolites are linked to D-amino acid metabolism and the biosynthesis of alkaloids derived from histidine and purine. In summary, myoinositol influences energy metabolism by modulating rumen microorganism abundance, improving dairy cow health, and increasing milk production.