REVIEW article
Front. Immunol.
Sec. Immunological Memory
Volume 16 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1613602
Trained Immunity: Novel Perspectives in Diabetes and Associated Complications
Provisionally accepted
YuKun Liu1,2
Yanqi Lei1,3,4,5Zhuojun Dai1,3,4,5Changfang Luo1,3,4,5
Qiming Gong1,3,4,5Yanqun Li1,3,4,5
Yong Xu1,3,4,5*
Wei Huang1,3,4,5*- 1Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- 2The Clinical Medical College of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China
- 3Metabolic Vascular Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China
- 4Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephropathy,, Luzhou, China
- 5Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Luzhou, China
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Recent studies have revealed that the innate immune system possesses the capacity to develop "trained immunity" via metabolic and epigenetic reprogramming, leading to non-specific memory responses distinct from the memory traditionally attributed exclusively to adaptive immunity. Hyperglycemia, acting as an initiating stimulus, drives myeloid progenitor cell proliferation and monocyte-derived macrophage expansion, which leads to a sustained pro-inflammatory phenotype that is closely associated with the pathogenesis of diabetes and its related complications. The paradigm of trained immunity provides a novel perspective on explaining the "metabolic memory" phenomenon in diabetes. Here, we summarize the research progress on trained immunity, diabetes, and related complications to explore novel insights into diabetes prevention and treatment.
Keywords: trained immunity, diabetes, Hyperglycemia, Inflammation, epigenetics, Metabolism
Received: 17 Apr 2025; Accepted: 26 Jun 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Liu, Lei, Dai, Luo, Gong, Li, Xu and Huang. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Yong Xu, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
Wei Huang, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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