ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Immunol.
Sec. Vaccines and Molecular Therapeutics
Volume 16 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1630442
Impact of Vaccination Strategy Adjustments on Antibody Levels Against Measles, Rubella, Mumps, and Varicella in China: A Single-Center Serological Survey
Provisionally accepted
- 1Jiangsu Province (Suqian) Hospital, Suqian, Jiangsu Province, China, SuQian, China
- 2Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control And Prevention, Nanjing, China
Select one of your emails
You have multiple emails registered with Frontiers:
Notify me on publication
Please enter your email address:
If you already have an account, please login
You don't have a Frontiers account ? You can register here
Objective: This study evaluated trends in population immunity against measles, rubella, mumps, and varicella in Suqian City (2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2012)(2013)(2014)(2015)(2016)(2017)(2018)(2019)(2020)(2021)(2022)(2023)(2024) using serological surveys (2019-2024) and incidence data, incorporating participants with known/unknown vaccination statuses to explore immunity dynamics amid evolving policies, and inform public health planning.Methods: Serum samples from 541 (2019) and 506 (2024) healthy participants were analyzed for virus-specific IgG antibodies using ELISA. Disease incidence data were obtained from China's National Notifiable Disease Reporting System. Statistical analyses compared seroprevalence, geometric mean concentrations (GMCs), and incidence trends before and after policy adjustments.Results: Optimized two-dose strategies significantly improved seropositivity rates for rubella (65.1% to 70.8%), mumps (77.6% to 85.8%), and varicella (76.9% to 79.5%), with corresponding GMC increases. Incidence declines were notable: varicella (183.3/100,000 to 59.3/100,000), rubella (2.8/100,000 to 0.04/100,000), and mumps (24.4/100,000 to <5.0/100,000). However, measles seropositivity declined from 85.9% to 79.3% (p<0.05). GMC analysis showed increases for rubella (31.5 to 42.2 IU/ml), mumps (277.8 to 350.6 IU/ml), and varicella (295.9 to 309.8 IU/ml), but a decrease for measles (577.9 to 499.2 mIU/ml, p<0.001). Preschool children (2-5 years) exhibited the highest immunity levels in 2024 Conclusion: Population immunity against rubella, mumps, and varicella improved (2019)(2020)(2021)(2022)(2023)(2024) with reduced incidence, while measles immunity declined, revealing vulnerabilities. Targeted strategies (e.g., catch-up campaigns for adolescents/adults, optimized infant vaccination) are needed to strengthen protection, considering interactions of policies, public health measures, and demographics.
Keywords: Vaccination strategy, seroprevalence, Measles, Rubella, Mumps, Varicella
Received: 17 May 2025; Accepted: 25 Jul 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Geng, Wang, Zhu, Xu, Chen, Zhang, Yu, Sun and Wang. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Xiang Sun, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control And Prevention, Nanjing, China
Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.