REVIEW article
Front. Immunol.
Sec. Cancer Immunity and Immunotherapy
Volume 16 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1635111
This article is part of the Research TopicAdvances in Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy for Acute Myeloid LeukemiaView all 3 articles
The Interaction Between Common Genetic Mutations in AML and the Immune Landscape: Mechanisms and Implications for Immune Response
Provisionally accepted
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
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Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous hematologic malignancy driven by diverse genetic mutations that shape tumor progression, immune evasion, and clinical outcomes. While molecular profiling has improved AML classification, the precise impact of specific mutations on immune cell infiltration and dysregulation remains insufficiently understood. This review examines the immunologic consequences of common AML mutations-including FLT3-ITD, NPM1, DNMT3A, TP53, IDH1/2, and NRAS-and their role in remodeling the immune microenvironment. We further explore the dynamic shifts in immune responses across different AML risk stratifications, emphasizing the balance between immune activation and suppression, which is influenced by specific genetic alterations. Additionally, we highlight the emerging potential of immunotherapies targeting neoepitopes derived from driver mutations, offering promising avenues to overcome immune escape and enhance anti-tumor immune responses. By integrating genetic mutations and immunologic insights, this review outlines a framework for developing more precise and effective immunotherapies for AML.
Keywords: Acute Myeloid Leukemia1, gene mutation2, immune microenvironment3, risk stratification4, immunotherapy5, neoepitopes6
Received: 26 May 2025; Accepted: 25 Jul 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Guo, Feng, Zhang, Wang, Li and Zhang. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Lijuan Li, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
Liansheng Zhang, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
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