ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Immunol.
Sec. Cancer Immunity and Immunotherapy
Volume 16 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1652717
Efficacy of Tislelizumab plus Lenvatinib in hepatocellular carcinoma after curative hepatectomy: a real-world study
Provisionally accepted
- The first affliated hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Abstract Background: The efficacy of adjuvant therapy after curative resection for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients is still debated. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of adjuvant Tislelizumab combined with Lenvatinib on the prognosis of patients with HCC after hepatectomy. Methods: Patients diagnosed with HCC and undergoing curative 删除了: Prognostic role of 删除了: prognostic role hepatectomy were retrospectively enrolled, and stratified into two groups: the Hepatectomy alone group and the Hepatectomy‑T-L group, based on whether they received adjuvant therapy with Tislelizumab and Lenvatinib. The primary endpoint was disease-free survival (DFS); the secondary endpoints included overall survival (OS) and adverse events. Results: A total of 288 patients were enrolled and assigned to the Hepatectomy alone group (n=256) and the Hepatectomy‑T-L group (n=32) between January 2019 and December 2023. Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics were well balanced between the two groups. The median follow‑up time was 28.73 months (95% CI 26.03–31.43 months). The median DFS was significantly longer in the Hepatectomy-T-L group than in the Hepatectomy Alone group [40.78 months (95% CI 29.25– 52.31) vs. 28.80 months (95% CI 25.52–32.08), hazard ratio [HR] = 0.51 (95% CI 0.28–0.91), P = 0.021]. The median OS was also significantly longer in the Hepatectomy-T-L group than in the Hepatectomy Alone group [42.10 months (95% CI 37.55–46.65) vs. 34.00 months (95% CI 30.40–37.60), HR = 0.36 (95% CI 0.18–0.70), P = 0.0018]. Adverse events were more frequently observed in the Hepatectomy-T-L group. The incidence of adverse events (AEs) was compared and manageable between the two groups. Conclusions: Adjuvant Tislelizumab and Lenvatinib after curative hepatectomy holds significant potential benefits with manageable adverse events.
Keywords: Hepatocellular Carcinoma, adjuvant therapy, tislelizumab, Lenvatinib, Real-world study
Received: 24 Jun 2025; Accepted: 02 Sep 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Chen, Feng, Shi, Xiao, Lan and Shi. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Xiang Lan, The first affliated hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
Zhengrong Shi, The first affliated hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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