REVIEW article
Front. Immunol.
Sec. Cancer Immunity and Immunotherapy
Volume 16 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1676112
Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Cancer Immunotherapy: A Frontier Review on Enhancing Treatment Efficacy and Safety
Provisionally accepted
- 1Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- 2Suining Central Hospital, Suining, China
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Cancer immunotherapy represents a major breakthrough in oncology, particularly with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and CAR-T cell therapies. Despite improved outcomes, challenges such as immune-related adverse events (irAEs) and treatment resistance limit clinical use. Artificial intelligence (AI) offers new opportunities to address these barriers, including target identification, efficacy prediction, toxicity monitoring, and personalized treatment design. This review highlights recent advances in AI applications for biomarker discovery, safety evaluation, gene editing, nanotechnology, and microbiome modulation, integrating evidence from clinical and preclinical studies. We also discuss future directions and challenges in applying AI to cancer immunotherapy, aiming to support further research and clinical translation.
Keywords: artificial intelligence, cancer immunotherapy, immune checkpoint inhibitors, machine learning, Predictive Modeling, CAR-T cell therapy, biomarkers, safety assessment
Received: 31 Jul 2025; Accepted: 16 Oct 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Liu, Fu, Li and Wei. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Zhengrui Li, lzr_0108@sjtu.edu.cn
Shouxin Wei, 1079656665@qq.com
Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.