BRIEF RESEARCH REPORT article
Front. Immunol.
Sec. Cancer Immunity and Immunotherapy
Volume 16 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1681734
This article is part of the Research TopicPrecision Medicine and Targeted Therapies in Gastrointestinal and Genitourinary Solid TumorsView all 15 articles
A high eosinophil proportion increases the risk of skin-related adverse events induced by apalutamide in patients with prostate cancer
Provisionally accepted
Yoshihiko Tasaki
Taku Naiki*
Yoshihisa Mimura
Yosuke Sugiyama
Misato Tomita
Toshiharu MorikawaTakashi Nagai
Rei UnnoToshiki Etani
Shuzo Hamamoto
Takahiro Yasui
YOKO FURUKAWA-HIBI- Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
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Background: Skin-related adverse events (AEs) induced by apalutamide occur frequently in Japanese patients with prostate cancer. However, biomarkers for predicting these skin-related AEs have not yet been identified. Therefore, this study investigated whether the proportion of eosinophils could serve as a predictive biomarker for skin-related AEs in Japanese patients with prostate cancer treated with apalutamide. Methods: A total of 109 patients were enrolled in this study. Among them, 79 patients with prostate cancer who received apalutamide were categorized into two groups: the skin AE group (n = 45) and the non-skin AE group (n = 34), based on whether they experienced skin-related AEs of any grade. The eosinophil proportions in baseline samples collected before treatment were then analyzed. Results: The baseline eosinophil proportion was significantly higher in the skin AE group compared with the non-skin AE group (P < 0.05). The optimal cut-off value of the eosinophil proportion for predicting skin-related AEs of any grade was 1.8% (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC] = 0.768). In multivariate analysis, an eosinophil proportion ≥1.8% was identified as an independent factor associated with skin-related AEs of any grade (odds ratio, 13.3; 95% confidence interval, 3.82–46.4; P < 0.05). Conclusion: The baseline eosinophil proportion may serve as a predictive biomarker for skin-related AEs of any grade in Japanese patients with prostate cancer treated with apalutamide.
Keywords: Apalutamide, eosinophil, prostate cancer, Pruritus, Rash
Received: 07 Aug 2025; Accepted: 22 Sep 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Tasaki, Naiki, Mimura, Sugiyama, Tomita, Morikawa, Nagai, Unno, Etani, Hamamoto, Yasui and FURUKAWA-HIBI. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Taku Naiki, naiki@med.nagoya-cu.ac.jp
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