Patients with transfusion-dependent thalassemia (TDT) are at high risk of alloimmunization

Yuchen HuangYuxi ChenQiuhong MoHuihui MoFang LuHengcong LiLilan LiJierun ChenLihong JiangYan Zhou^*Zhoulin Zhong^*

• Nanning Blood Center, Nanning, China

Background: 删除[nnxz_068]: This study aimed to describe the characteristics of platelet antibodies in TDT patients in Nanning, Guangxi Province, China. Methods: 删除[nnxz_068]: ly 删除[nnxz_068]: analyzed 删除[nnxz_068]: data from 删除[nnxz_068]: Results: 删除[nnxz_068]: Conclusions: 删除[nnxz_068]: P 删除[nnxz_068]: We conducted a retrospective study of 249 TDT patients who underwent platelet immunology testing between January 2014 and December 2023 at 5 Nanning Blood Center. Flow cytometry was used for platelet antibody screening, followed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detailed platelet antibody identification. Among the 249 TDT patients, 103 were detected positive for platelet alloimmunization (41.37%). Patients older than 12 had a higher prevalence of platelet alloimmunization than those younger than 12 (54.17% vs. 36.16%, P=0.009). Most of 10 the platelet antibodies were human leukocyte antigen (HLA) antibodies alone (79.61%). Two TDT patients received cross-matched platelets and demonstrated successful transfusion responses with 24-hour corrected count increment being 10.62 and 7.80, respectively.TDT patients demonstrate a high prevalence of platelet alloimmunization, characterized by a diverse array of antibodies, predominantly HLA 15 antibodies. In conclusion, proactive screening for platelet antibodies and employing cross-matched platelet transfusions can mitigate alloimmunization risks in TDT patients and address the clinical challenge of platelet transfusion refractoriness.