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BRIEF RESEARCH REPORT article

Front. Immunol.

Sec. Molecular Innate Immunity

Volume 16 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1693809

Dual-Functional Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles with Antioxidant and DNase I activities to Prevent and degrade Neutrophil Extracellular Traps

Provisionally accepted
Hachem DICHHachem DICH1Ramy ABOU RJEILYRamy ABOU RJEILY1Gabriela RATHGabriela RATH1Mathéo BERTHETMathéo BERTHET2Bénédicte CAZALSBénédicte CAZALS2Jean-François BerretJean-François Berret3Eduardo Ricardo ANGLES-CANOEduardo Ricardo ANGLES-CANO4*
  • 1Universite Paris Cite UFR de Pharmacie, Paris, France
  • 2Specific Polymers, Castries, France
  • 3Matiere et Systemes Complexes, Paris, France
  • 4Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Paris, France

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Neutrophils play a central role in immunothrombosis through the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), a process known as NETosis. Upon stimulation, neutrophils release decondensed chromatin structures enriched with proteolytic enzymes, which contribute to thrombus formation. NETosis is critically dependent on reactive oxygen species (ROS), making redox regulation a key point of intervention. The intrinsic redox cycling of cerium oxide nanoparticles (CNPs) imparts self-regenerating antioxidant properties suitable for modulating neutrophil-driven oxidative stress. To address both the prevention and clearance of NETs, we developed dual-functional CNPs conjugated with DNase I. These engineered nanoparticles were efficiently internalized by neutrophils, reduced intracellular ROS levels, and inhibited NETs formation. In addition, DNase I-functionalized CNPs degraded pre-formed NETs. This dual-action strategy offers a promising nanotherapeutic platform for mitigating NETs-associated thrombotic pathologies. Ongoing studies aim to enhance thrombus targeting and assess in vivo efficacy.

Keywords: Cerium, Nanoparticles, Nanomedicine, immunothrombosis, Neutrophil, extracellular traps, Therapeutic targeting

Received: 27 Aug 2025; Accepted: 14 Oct 2025.

Copyright: © 2025 DICH, ABOU RJEILY, RATH, BERTHET, CAZALS, Berret and ANGLES-CANO. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

* Correspondence: Eduardo Ricardo ANGLES-CANO, eduardo.angles-cano@inserm.fr

Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.

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