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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Microbiol.

Sec. Microbial Symbioses

Volume 16 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2025.1587281

Gut Microbiota Reveal Ecological Adaptations in the Inquilinism of Ancistrotermes dimorphus and Its Host Macrotermes barneyi

Provisionally accepted
Wenzhuo  LeiWenzhuo Lei1Zhifang  QinZhifang Qin1Bao  JiaBao Jia2Wen  LuWen Lu1Juan  YangJuan Yang1Qionghua  GaoQionghua Gao1*
  • 1Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Region, China
  • 2Termite Control of Nanning, Nanning, China

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

Inquilinism describes an interesting interspecific interaction in termite ecosystems wherein an inquiline species inhabits the host's nest structure. In this context, gut microbiota play a crucial role in mediating the ecological relationship. The facultative inquiline Ancistrotermes dimorphus (Termitidae: Macrotermitinae) frequently inhabits nests of the host Macrotermes barneyi but can also establish independent colonies. We used 16S rRNA sequencing to compare the gut microbiota of A. dimorphus and M. barneyi in independent and inquilinism nests, assessing microbial diversity and composition. Gut microbiota diversity increased under inquilinism, with greater microbial similarity between A. dimorphus and M. barneyi in shared nests. Furthermore, inquilinism altered microbial function, increasing taxa linked to environmental adaptation while reducing those involved in energy metabolism, suggesting potential metabolic trade-offs. Beta diversity analysis indicated that inquilinism drives the gut microbiota adaptation between the host and inquiline. These findings reveal how gut microbiota mediates host-inquiline interactions, advancing our understanding of microbial adaptation in social insect symbiosis.

Keywords: termite, cohabitation, Gut Microbiota, 16S rRNA sequencing, ecological adaptation

Received: 04 Mar 2025; Accepted: 21 May 2025.

Copyright: © 2025 Lei, Qin, Jia, Lu, Yang and Gao. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

* Correspondence: Qionghua Gao, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Region, China

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