ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Microbiol.
Sec. Antimicrobials, Resistance and Chemotherapy
Volume 16 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2025.1617807
Characterization of the antagonistic secondary metabolites of Paenibacillus polymyxa MEZ6 against Staphylococcus aureus
Provisionally accepted
- 1School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Key Laboratory of Microbio and Infectious Disease Prevention & Control, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- 2Guizhou Key Laboratory of Microbio and Infectious Disease Prevention & Control, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Institute of Biology, Guizhou Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, China
- 3CenterforTissue Englneerlngand Stem Cell Research, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China, Guiyang, China
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Paenibacillus polymyxa is an essential bio-control bacterium capable of producing numerous antagonistic compounds with potential usefulness. Methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a significant bacterial strain that infects hospitals and communities, exhibiting considerable antibiotic resistance and posing a substantial threat to human health, thereby becoming a major bio-safety concern worldwide. The purpose of this study was to investigate the antibacterial properties and mechanisms of the secondary metabolites of P. polymyxa (MEZ6) against MRSA. This study used microdilution procedures and growth and bactericidal kinetics studies to investigate the effects of MEZ6 metabolites on MRSA, and reverse-phase highperformance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and mass spectrometry (LC/MC) were used to detect the secondary metabolites of MEZ6. The results show that MEZ6 secondary metabolites can inhibit MRSA growth, prevent biofilm formation, reduce the expression of virulence genes (agrA, spa, and clf-1), disrupt cell structure, increase membrane permeability, and lead to the accumulation of ROS. Through systematic characterization, MEZ6 metabolites maybe tryptophan-associated fraction (TAF). This study establishes a systematic theoretical framework for the development and application of bacterial metabolites.
Keywords: Paenibacillus polymyxa, secondary metabolites, Mechanism, Staphylococcus aureus, tryptophan-associated fraction
Received: 25 Apr 2025; Accepted: 22 Jul 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Na, Jiao, Yang, Xia, Jian and Guo. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Zhao Na, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Key Laboratory of Microbio and Infectious Disease Prevention & Control, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
Guo Guo, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Key Laboratory of Microbio and Infectious Disease Prevention & Control, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
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