ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Microbiol.
Sec. Food Microbiology
Volume 16 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2025.1622488
This article is part of the Research TopicThe Interaction Between Food Ingredients and Gut Microbiome on Health and DiseaseView all 27 articles
Bisphenol F exposure Induced vascular toxicity through intestinal microbiota imbalance Author names
Provisionally accepted
Jianlong Yan1*
Yanbin Pan1Huadong Liu1Jie Yuan1Jie Chen1Yannan Gao1Chaolan Lin1
Feng Lin1Rongning Wang1Yaqiong He1Caiping Wang1Cong Xu1
Tangzhiming Li1Peng Zhang1Yu Lan1Wenming Shao2,3
Xinli Pang1Da Yin1
Xin Sun1Weixiang Luo1- 1Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- 2Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- 3The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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Introduction: Bisphenol F (BPF), a common substitute for bisphenol A (BPA), has documented toxicity in multiple organs, but its vascular effects remain unclear. This study investigated BPF's role in vascular calcification (VC) and underlying mechanisms.Methods: Differences in the intestinal microbiota were analysed by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing. Metabolites were analyzed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Faecal microbiota transplantation and antibiotic treatment experiments were performed to evaluate the functions of the intestinal microbiota in VC.We enrolled consecutively 57 patients. Patients were assigned to a calcification group (30 patients) and a non-calcification group (27 patients) based on the presence or absence of calcification in the thoracic aorta wall. The results showed that patients with vascular calcification (VC) had higher levels of bisphenol F (BPF), bisphenol S (BPS) and bisphenol A (BPA) in the fecal samples than patients without VC. The thoracic aortic calcification score was significantly positively correlated with the BPF (Spearman r = 0.4935, p < 0.001), BPA (Spearman r = 0.2860, p < 0.05) and BPS (Spearman r = 0.2650, p <0.05). We then explored the effects of BPF exposure on normal and vitamin D3 + nicotine (VDN)-treated rats. BPF exposure induced mild VC in normal rats and aggravated VC in VDN-treated rats. BPF exposure disturbed the gut microbiota and promoted inflammatory responses.The results here elucidate the mechanism underlying BPF-triggered or BPF-aggravated VC through the gut-vascular axis and provide a theoretical basis for cardiovascular disease risk assessment in humans.
Keywords: Bisphenol F, faecal microbiota transplantation, Gut Microbiota, Inflammation, short-chain fatty acids, Vascular Calcification
Received: 06 May 2025; Accepted: 30 Jun 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Yan, Pan, Liu, Yuan, Chen, Gao, Lin, Lin, Wang, He, Wang, Xu, Li, Zhang, Lan, Shao, Pang, Yin, Sun and Luo. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Jianlong Yan, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
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