ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Microbiol.
Sec. Microbiotechnology
This article is part of the Research TopicAdvancements in Microbial Genomics for Environmental SustainabilityView all 5 articles
A Multi-enzyme Producing Bacillus subtilis YCXW-01: Isolation, Genomic Characterisation, and Potentials in Tobacco Stem Degradation
Provisionally accepted
- 1Technology Center, Henan China Tobacco Industry Co., LTD., Zhengzhou, China
- 2College of Tobacco, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
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Abstract: This study aimed to isolate and identify a potent cellulase-producin g bacterium from tobacco leaves to enhance the utilization value of tobacco ste m waste. Using sodium carboxymethyl cellulose as the sole carbon source for screening, a high cellulase-producing strain, designated YCXW-01, was selected based on the hydrolysis zone method and enzyme activity assays. The strain was identified as Bacillus subtilis through morphological characteristics, physiol ogical biochemistry, and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Its growth curve showed the exponential phase began after 12 hours, peaking at 46 hours. Beyond cellul ase (activity of 10.97 U/mL), YCXW-01 also produced protease (activity of 23. 11 U/mL), amylase (activity of 28.96 U/mL), and xylanase (activity of 23.68 U/mL). Whole-genome sequencing revealed a single circular chromosome of 4, 156,553 bp with a GC content of 44.46%, containing 4,114 predicted protein-c oding genes. Bioinformatic analysis identified multiple genes encoding carbohyd rate-active enzymes (CAZymes) putatively involved in cellulose and hemicellulo se degradation. These included glycoside hydrolase families GH1(β-glucosidase), GH5(endoglucanase), GH11 (endo-1,4-β-xylanase), and GH43 (xylan 1,4-β-xylo sidase), with GH1 and GH43 potentially playing key roles. The practical applic ation of the strain's crude extracellular enzymes on tobacco stems resulted in a substantial reduction of cellulose content by 35.3%. In conclusion, B. subtilis YCXW-01 demonstrates significant potential for the biodegradation of cellulose in tobacco stems. The genomic insights and identified CAZyme genes provide a foundation for further elucidating its cellulolytic mechanism and practical app lication in tobacco waste biorefinery.
Keywords: Bacillus subtilis, Cellulase, Tobacco Stem Degradation, GenomeSequencing, Glycoside hydrolase families
Received: 02 Oct 2025; Accepted: 10 Nov 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Yang, Zhang, Fu, Zhang, Yingjie, Zhao and Wang. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Huanhuan Wang, 15838172325@163.com
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