REVIEW article
Front. Neurol.
Sec. Endovascular and Interventional Neurology
Volume 16 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fneur.2025.1571550
Sympathetic nerve block as an add-on therapy for intervention and prevention of cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage
Provisionally accepted
Zhaoquan Wang
Jianqiang Li*- Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, China
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Cerebral vasospasm is a major complication after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and is an important factor leading to disability and mortality in patients. Cerebral vasospasm involves cerebral artery stenosis and leads to delayed cerebral ischemia, further exacerbating brain damage. The pathophysiology of cerebral vasospasm is multifactorial, involving a complex interaction between fragmented red blood cell metabolism, endothelial dysfunction, and hyperresponsive contraction of smooth muscle cells. Recent studies have highlighted the important role of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) in mediating and exacerbating cerebral vasospasm. Sympathetic activation affects vascular tone and contributes to the development of vasospasm after SAH. Stellate ganglion block (SGB) has been reported to have a protective effect in patients at risk for vasospasm after SAH due to reduced sympathetic activity. This review aims to explore the current understanding of the relationship between sympathetic activity and cerebral vasospasm, investigate the molecular mechanisms involved, clinical implications, and potential therapeutic strategies targeting sympathetic modulation.
Keywords: cerebral vasospasm, Subarachnoid Hemorrhage, Sympathetic Nervous System, Stellate ganglion block, ROS
Received: 05 Feb 2025; Accepted: 12 May 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Wang and Li. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Jianqiang Li, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, China
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