ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Neurol.
Sec. Neuro-Otology
This article is part of the Research TopicThe Multidisciplinary Management of Tinnitus and VertigoView all 7 articles
Levels of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 in Individuals with Primary Subjective Tinnitus and Their Associations with Tinnitus Occurrence and Severity
Provisionally accepted
- 1Opera Clinic, Protone Audio Kft., Budapest, Hungary
- 2Pecsi Tudomanyegyetem, Pécs, Hungary
- 3Bajcsy-Zsilinszky Korhaz es Rendelointezet, Budapest, Hungary
- 4Maihoub ENT Clinic, Limassol, Cyprus
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Objective: This study aimed to analyse vitamin D3 levels in both a tinnitus group and a control group. Material and methods: 350 patients with primary subjective tinnitus and 347 participants serving as a control group were examined. All patient underwent otorhinolaryngological examination, audiological testing and laboratory testing, including measurements of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels. Results: The prevalence of low 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels was significantly (p<0.00001) higher in the tinnitus group (53.2%) compared to the control group (31.7%). Furthermore, when comparing the specific levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 between the tinnitus and control groups, a statistically significant difference was observed (p<0.00001), with lower levels found in the tinnitus group. Additionally, according to a logistic regression model, lower levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 significantly predicted the occurrence of tinnitus (p=0.000; OR: 0.132, 95% CI = 0.066–0.264). Additionally, it was found to be associated with moderately severe and severe tinnitus (p=0.021; OR: 1.800, 95% CI=0.806–4.022) and the development of chronic tinnitus (p=0.001; OR: 0.717, 95% CI=0.384–1.340). Moreover, ROC analysis indicated that 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 is a significant predictor of tinnitus (p=0.000, 95% CI = 0.702–0.815), showing a sensitivity of 75.8%. Conclusion: The notably lower levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 suggest its potential role in the development of tinnitus. Additionally, proper supplementation of vitamin D3 could lead to new therapeutic approaches for managing tinnitus.
Keywords: 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels, Chronic subjective tinnitus, Tinnitus, Tinnitus intensity, Tinnitus severity
Received: 21 Nov 2025; Accepted: 17 Dec 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Molnár, Mavrogeni, Mavrogenis and Maihoub. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: András Molnár
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