SYSTEMATIC REVIEW article
Front. Neurol.
Sec. Movement Disorders
Effect of End-Effector Robot Training on Lower Limb Motor Function and Balance in Stroke Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Provisionally accepted
- 1Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang, China
- 2Harbin Sport University, Harbin, China
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OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the effect of end-effector robot training on lower limb motor function and balance in stroke patients. METHODS: Systematically reviewed the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) up to December 2025. Included studies compared end-effector robot training with conventional therapy for lower limb function and balance in stroke patients. Used PEDro scale and RevMan 5.4 software for meta-analysis. RESULTS: Sixteen RCTs with 789 patients showed significant improvements in lower limb motor function (FAC score, FMA-L score, 10MWT speed) and balance function (BBS score) with end-effector robot training. No significant difference in 6MWT distance between groups. Conclusion: End-effector robot training may enhance lower limb motor function and balance in stroke patients, but its effect on 6MWT distance is uncertain. Further research needed on training effectiveness and long-term mechanisms.
Keywords: Balance function, End-effector robot, Lower limb motor function, Meta-analysis, Stroke
Received: 22 Nov 2025; Accepted: 17 Dec 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Lou, wang, guan, hu, Wei and zhang. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Xiaoquan zhang
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