ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Neurol.
Sec. Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology
This article is part of the Research TopicMultiple sclerosis: Pathogenetic aspects and important mimickers — NMO, MOG, anti-TNF, and systemic autoimmune demyelinationView all articles
Seizures as the Initial Manifestation: Characterizing the Adult Phenotype of MOG Antibody-Associated Disease
Provisionally accepted
- 1Xingtai City People's Hospital, Xingtai, China
- 2Chengde Medical University, Chengde, China
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Objective: Clinical Characteristics of Adult MOG Antibody-Associated Disease Presenting with Seizures as the Initial Symptom. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 7 patients who presented with epileptic seizures as the initial symptom among 16 adult MOG antibody-positive patients admitted to the Department of Neurology at Xingtai People's Hospital in Hebei Province from August 2020 to March 2025. Results: In this study, the age of onset of the 7 patients ranged from 18 to 75 years. All patients presented with epileptic seizures as the initial symptom, with 3 cases accompanied by fever and 4 cases by headache. Among the 7 patients, seizure types included focal seizures and generalized tonic-clonic seizures. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure was elevated in 4 cases, while leukocyte count was increased in 2 cases. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed cortical lesions in 3 patients without significant meningeal enhancement, and 4 cases showed no abnormal findings on MRI. Electroencephalography (EEG) revealed focal slow waves in 5 cases, while 2 cases showed normal findings.All 7 patients were treated with hormones, 2 received intravenous human immunoglobulin, and 5 were administered antiepileptic drugs. All 7 patients achieved favorable prognosis, with one case of recurrence. Conclusion: In adult MOG antibody-positive patients presenting with epileptic seizures as the initial symptom, the disease can occur at any age without a clear sex predominance. These patients may present with non-specific clinical features such as fever, headache, and abnormalities in cerebrospinal fluid and electroencephalography. Some patients may exhibit isolated epileptic seizures. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging often reveals cortical signal abnormalities. For adult patients presenting with seizures as the first symptom, early MOG antibody testing is essential for a definitive diagnosis. Prompt initiation of corticosteroid or intravenous immunoglobulin therapy can effectively control disease progression.
Keywords: adultclinicalfeatures3, corticalsignalabnormalities4, epilepticseizures1, immunotherapy5, myelinoligodendrocyteglycoproteinantibody-associateddisorders2
Received: 15 Nov 2025; Accepted: 09 Feb 2026.
Copyright: © 2026 Kang, Cao, Wang and Zhang. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Juxian Kang
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